Psychological determinants of job retention in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND

Maintaining paid work is a key issue for people with multiple sclerosis (PwMS). Different factors, including psychological attributes, can influence job retention. Understanding their role should inform potential interventions to help PwMS retain employment.

OBJECTIVES

The aim of this study was to identify the key factors which improve job retention in an employed cohort of PwMS.

METHODS

This three-year longitudinal study used validated self-completed measures of physical and psychological factors at four time points over 28 months.

RESULTS

Of 208 employed PwMS, just over 1 in 10 was no longer working at the end of the study. Three variables were predictive of continuing employment; low 'work instability' at baseline increased the odds of job retention by a factor of 12.76; high levels of self-efficacy by a factor of 4.66 and being less than 50 years of age increased the odds of job retention by a factor of 3.90. Path analysis demonstrated the mediating role of self-efficacy between the physical impact of MS and the level of work instability at exit.

CONCLUSION

Screening for work instability and self-efficacy in a clinical setting followed by appropriate interventions to increase self-efficacy and reduce work instability could aid job retention in MS.