Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Department of Urology, Erasmus MC Cancer Institute, Erasmus Medical Center, Rotterdam, the Netherlands.
Clin Cancer Res. 2018 Apr 1;24(7):1586-1593. doi: 10.1158/1078-0432.CCR-17-2719. Epub 2018 Jan 24.
The European Association of Urology (EAU) guidelines for non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer (NMIBC) recommend risk stratification based on clinicopathologic parameters. Our aim was to investigate the added value of biomarkers to improve risk stratification of NMIBC. We prospectively included 1,239 patients in follow-up for NMIBC in six European countries. Fresh-frozen tumor samples were analyzed for , and methylation and , and mutation status. Cox regression analyses identified markers that were significantly associated with progression to muscle-invasive disease. The progression incidence rate (PIR = rate of progression per 100 patient-years) was calculated for subgroups. In our cohort, 276 patients had a low, 273 an intermediate, and 555 a high risk of tumor progression based on the EAU NMIBC guideline. Fifty-seven patients (4.6%) progressed to muscle-invasive disease. The limited number of progressors in this large cohort compared with older studies is likely due to improved treatment in the past two decades. Overall, wild-type and methylation of and were significantly associated with progression (HR = 0.34, 2.53, and 2.64, respectively). The PIR for EAU high-risk patients was 4.25. On the basis of mutation status and methylation of , this cohort could be reclassified into a good class (PIR = 0.86, 26.2% of patients), a moderate class (PIR = 4.32, 49.7%), and a poor class (PIR = 7.66, 24.0%). We conclude that the addition of selected biomarkers to the EAU risk stratification increases its accuracy and identifies a subset of NMIBC patients with a very high risk of progression. .
欧洲泌尿外科学会(EAU)非肌肉浸润性膀胱癌(NMIBC)指南建议基于临床病理参数进行风险分层。我们的目的是研究生物标志物的附加价值,以改善 NMIBC 的风险分层。我们前瞻性地纳入了来自六个欧洲国家的 1239 名 NMIBC 随访患者。对新鲜冷冻的肿瘤样本进行分析,以检测 、 甲基化和 、 突变状态。Cox 回归分析确定了与向肌层浸润性疾病进展显著相关的标志物。计算了亚组的进展发生率(PIR = 每 100 名患者年的进展率)。在我们的队列中,根据 EAU NMIBC 指南,276 例患者为低危、273 例患者为中危、555 例患者为高危。57 例患者(4.6%)进展为肌层浸润性疾病。与过去的研究相比,由于过去二十年治疗方法的改善,在这个大型队列中进展患者的数量相对较少。总的来说,野生型 和 、 的甲基化与进展显著相关(HR = 0.34、2.53 和 2.64)。EAU 高危患者的 PIR 为 4.25。基于 突变状态和 的甲基化,该队列可以重新分类为良好组(PIR = 0.86,26.2%的患者)、中等组(PIR = 4.32,49.7%)和不良组(PIR = 7.66,24.0%)。我们的结论是,将选定的生物标志物添加到 EAU 风险分层中可以提高其准确性,并确定一组具有非常高进展风险的 NMIBC 患者。
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