根据 TBX2 和 TBX3 的甲基化情况进行分层,将 pTa 膀胱癌患者分为三个分子等级,可预测其进展。

Stratification based on methylation of TBX2 and TBX3 into three molecular grades predicts progression in patients with pTa-bladder cancer.

机构信息

Department of Pathology, Erasmus MC, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

Dutch Cancer Registry, Rotterdam, The Netherlands.

出版信息

Mod Pathol. 2015 Apr;28(4):515-22. doi: 10.1038/modpathol.2014.145. Epub 2014 Nov 14.

Abstract

The potential risk of recurrence and progression in patients with non-muscle-invasive bladder cancer necessitates followup by cystoscopy. The risk of progression to muscle-invasive bladder cancer is estimated based on the European Organisation of Research and Treatment of Cancer score, a combination of several clinicopathological variables. However, pathological assessment is not objective and reproducibility is insufficient. The use of molecular markers could contribute to the estimation of tumor aggressiveness. We recently demonstrated that methylation of GATA2, TBX2, TBX3, and ZIC4 genes could predict progression in Ta tumors. In this study, we aimed to validate the markers in a large patient set using DNA from formalin-fixed and paraffin-embedded tissue. PALGA: the Dutch Pathology Registry was used for patient selection. We included 192 patients with pTaG1/2 bladder cancer of whom 77 experienced progression. Methylation analysis was performed and log-rank analysis was used to calculate the predictive value of each methylation marker for developing progression over time. This analysis showed better progression-free survival in patients with low methylation rates compared with the patients with high methylation rates for all markers (P<0.001) during a followup of ten-years. The combined predictive effect of the methylation markers was analyzed with the Cox-regression method. In this analysis, TBX2, TBX3, and ZIC4 were independent predictors of progression. On the basis of methylation status of TBX2 and TBX3, patients were divided into three new molecular grade groups. Survival analysis showed that only 8% of patients in the low molecular grade group progressed within 5 years. This was 29 and 63% for the intermediate- and high-molecular grade groups. In conclusion, this new molecular-grade based on the combination of TBX2 and TBX3 methylation is an excellent marker for predicting progression to muscle-invasive bladder cancer in patients with primary pTaG1/2 bladder cancer.

摘要

非肌层浸润性膀胱癌患者存在复发和进展的潜在风险,需要通过膀胱镜进行随访。进展为肌层浸润性膀胱癌的风险基于欧洲癌症研究与治疗组织评分来估计,该评分是几种临床病理变量的组合。然而,病理评估不客观,重复性也不足。分子标志物的使用可能有助于评估肿瘤的侵袭性。我们最近证明,GATA2、TBX2、TBX3 和 ZIC4 基因的甲基化可以预测 Ta 肿瘤的进展。在这项研究中,我们旨在使用福尔马林固定和石蜡包埋组织中的 DNA 在大型患者群体中验证这些标志物。PALGA:荷兰病理学登记处用于患者选择。我们纳入了 192 例 pTaG1/2 膀胱癌患者,其中 77 例发生进展。进行了甲基化分析,并使用对数秩分析计算了每个甲基化标志物随时间推移预测进展的预测值。这项分析显示,与高甲基化率患者相比,所有标志物的低甲基化率患者的无进展生存期更好(所有 P<0.001),随访时间为十年。采用 Cox 回归方法分析了甲基化标志物的联合预测作用。在该分析中,TBX2、TBX3 和 ZIC4 是进展的独立预测因子。根据 TBX2 和 TBX3 的甲基化状态,将患者分为三个新的分子分级组。生存分析显示,低分子分级组的患者在 5 年内进展的比例仅为 8%。中间和高分子分级组分别为 29%和 63%。总之,这种基于 TBX2 和 TBX3 甲基化的新型分子分级是预测原发性 pTaG1/2 膀胱癌患者进展为肌层浸润性膀胱癌的优秀标志物。

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