Nederend Ineke, Jongbloed Monique R M, de Geus Eco J C, Blom Nico A, Ten Harkel Arend D J
Department of Biological Psychology, Faculty of Behavioral and Movement sciences, VU Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 1, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
EMGO+ Institute for Health and Care Research, VU Medical Center Amsterdam, Van der Boechorststraat 7, 1081 BT Amsterdam, The Netherlands.
J Cardiovasc Dev Dis. 2016 Apr 15;3(2):16. doi: 10.3390/jcdd3020016.
Congenital heart disease is the most common congenital defect. During childhood, survival is generally good but, in adulthood, late complications are not uncommon. Abnormal autonomic control in children with congenital heart disease may contribute considerably to the pathophysiology of these long term sequelae. This narrative review of 34 studies aims to summarize current knowledge on function of the autonomic nervous system in children with a congenital heart defect. Large scale studies that measure both branches of the nervous system for prolonged periods of time in well-defined patient cohorts in various phases of childhood and adolescence are currently lacking. Pending such studies, there is not yet a good grasp on the extent and direction of sympathetic and parasympathetic autonomic function in pediatric congenital heart disease. Longitudinal studies in homogenous patient groups linking autonomic nervous system function and clinical outcome are warranted.
先天性心脏病是最常见的先天性缺陷。在儿童期，生存率通常较高，但在成年期，晚期并发症并不罕见。先天性心脏病患儿的自主神经控制异常可能在很大程度上导致这些长期后遗症的病理生理过程。这篇对34项研究的叙述性综述旨在总结目前关于先天性心脏缺陷患儿自主神经系统功能的知识。目前缺乏在儿童期和青春期不同阶段对明确界定的患者队列进行长时间测量神经系统两个分支的大规模研究。在这类研究出现之前，对于小儿先天性心脏病中交感神经和副交感神经自主功能的范围和方向尚未有很好的把握。有必要在同质患者群体中进行纵向研究，将自主神经系统功能与临床结果联系起来。
