Kozler Petr, Maresova Dana, Pokorny Jaroslav
Institute of Physiology, First Faculty of Medicine, Charles University in Prague, Prague, Czech Republic.
Neuro Endocrinol Lett. 2017 Dec;38(7):495-501.
Locomotion, rearing and grooming represent different forms of behaviour and motor activity in rats. In this study, changes in these activities were analysed in relation to impaired function of the nervous system by single and/or concomitant lesions representing an experimental model of the dual diagnosis.
32 rats were divided into 4 groups of 8 rats: intact rats, rats with single lesion of peripheral nervous system (PNS) - Marcaine neuropathy, rats with single CNS lesion - cellular brain edema induced by water intoxication, and the concomitant lesions (combination of CNS and PNS lesion in one rat). Water intoxication was performed in a standard way by fractionated hyperhydration. The average time spent by locomotion, rearing and grooming was registered and analyzed using an open field test.
All activities of the rats after water intoxication became inhibited due to the generally suppressive effect of brain edema. Lesion of PNS reduced activity in locomotion only, because for rearing and grooming activities, the function of the forelimb is not dominant. Combination of lesions (dual diagnosis) reduced locomotion and rearing activity more than single lesions, and enhances the stressogenic effect, which was manifested by a long periods of grooming.
Results of our study confirmed the physiological and pathophysiological differences in the movement stereotype between locomotion, rearing and grooming caused by the characteristics and algorithms of the movements, which are inborn to rats - the dominant role of the forelimbs in locomotion, the dominant exploratory activity in rearing, and the precise syntactic movement pattern in grooming.
在大鼠中，运动、竖毛和梳理代表了不同形式的行为和运动活动。在本研究中，通过单一和/或伴随损伤来分析这些活动的变化，这些损伤代表了双诊断的实验模型，与神经系统功能受损相关。
将32只大鼠分为4组，每组8只：完整大鼠、外周神经系统（PNS）单一损伤的大鼠——利多卡因神经病变、中枢神经系统（CNS）单一损伤的大鼠——水中毒诱导的细胞性脑水肿，以及伴随损伤组（一只大鼠中CNS和PNS损伤的组合）。通过分次过度水化以标准方式进行水中毒。使用旷场试验记录并分析大鼠在运动、竖毛和梳理上花费的平均时间。
由于脑水肿的普遍抑制作用，水中毒后大鼠的所有活动均受到抑制。PNS损伤仅降低了运动活动，因为对于竖毛和梳理活动，前肢功能并非主导。损伤组合（双诊断）比单一损伤更能降低运动和竖毛活动，并增强应激效应，这表现为长时间的梳理。
我们的研究结果证实了由运动特征和算法导致的运动刻板行为在运动、竖毛和梳理之间的生理和病理生理差异，这些特征和算法是大鼠与生俱来的——前肢在运动中起主导作用，竖毛时探索活动占主导，梳理时有精确的句法运动模式。
