Institute of Psychology, Polish Academy of Sciences.
Faculty of Psychology, University of Warsaw.
J Abnorm Psychol. 2018 Apr;127(3):305-313. doi: 10.1037/abn0000335. Epub 2018 Jan 25.
Social predictive coding is now a well-established phenomenon in healthy individuals. It has been demonstrated that the communicative gestures of one agent may be effectively used to predict the actions of other agents. Individuals with schizophrenia often present social-cognitive deficits. The aim of this paper is to examine interpersonal predictive coding in patients with schizophrenia. Forty-six participants with schizophrenia and 40 healthy controls (HC) completed a simultaneous masking detection task (Interpersonal Detection Task; IDT), during which they observed point-light displays of two agents (A and B). During the communicative condition, agent A performed a communicative gesture, to which agent B responded accordingly. During the individual condition, agent A performed a noncommunicative action instead of the communicative gesture. Upon completion of the IDT, participants were asked to explicitly classify the actions of two agents based on nonmasked videos of point-light dyads. In line with previous findings, people with schizophrenia presented a reduced masking threshold for biological motion displays, and were less able to correctly recognize the actions of two agents during the explicit recognition task. However, observing the communicative gesture of agent A enhanced the visual discrimination of agent B in participants from all groups. This effect was observed despite the fact that SCZ presented overall diminished sensitivity to biological motion during IDT. Interpersonal predictive coding, which at least partially relies upon implicit processes, may be less impaired in people with schizophrenia than explicit social-cognitive processes (e.g., theory of mind). (PsycINFO Database Record
社交预测编码现在是健康个体中一种成熟的现象。已经证明，一个主体的交际手势可以有效地用于预测其他主体的行为。精神分裂症患者通常存在社会认知缺陷。本文旨在研究精神分裂症患者的人际预测编码。46 名精神分裂症患者和 40 名健康对照组（HC）完成了一个同时掩蔽检测任务（人际检测任务；IDT），在此期间，他们观察了两个主体（A 和 B）的点光显示。在交际条件下，主体 A 执行交际手势，主体 B 相应地做出反应。在个体条件下，主体 A 执行非交际动作而不是交际手势。完成 IDT 后，参与者被要求根据点光二联体的非掩蔽视频，根据两个主体的动作进行明确分类。与之前的发现一致，精神分裂症患者的生物运动显示掩蔽阈值降低，在明确识别任务中，他们识别两个主体的动作的能力较差。然而，观察主体 A 的交际手势增强了所有组参与者对主体 B 的视觉辨别能力。尽管事实上 SCZ 在 IDT 期间对生物运动的总体敏感性降低，但这种影响仍然存在。人际预测编码至少部分依赖于内隐过程，在精神分裂症患者中可能比外显社会认知过程（例如，心理理论）受损程度更小。
