Domański Maciej, Domańska Anna, Lachowicz-Wiśniewska Sabina, Żukiewicz-Sobczak Wioletta
Department of Nutrition and Food, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, University of Kalisz (Calisia University), Nowy Świat 4, 62-800 Kalisz, Poland.
Department of Biological Bases of Food and Feed Technologies, Faculty of Production Engineering, University of Life Science in Lublin, 13 Akademicka Street, 20-950 Lublin, Poland.
Nutrients. 2025 Mar 10;17(6):959. doi: 10.3390/nu17060959.
Psychiatric disorders exhibit significant symptomatic and etiopathological heterogeneity, complicating diagnosis and treatment. Hematological parameters may serve as indicators of overall health and predictors of psychiatric symptom manifestation and remission, particularly in long-term hospitalized patients. This study evaluated hematological and biochemical markers, including vitamin B12, vitamin D, and glucose levels, to explore their potential role in psychiatric disorders and disease progression. This prospective observational study was conducted from 1 January to 31 December 2022, at the M. Kaczyński Neuropsychiatric Hospital in Lublin, following ethical guidelines. The study included 28 psychiatric inpatients (18 women, 10 men) diagnosed with mental and behavioral disorders (ICD-10: F03, unspecified dementia, and F06.2, organic delusional disorder) and 10 controls without psychiatric diagnoses. Blood samples from both groups underwent hematological and biochemical analyses. Statistical tests included the Shapiro-Wilk test, Kruskal-Wallis test, and Tukey's multiple range test. Psychiatric patients had significantly lower vitamin B12 (278.00 pg/mL vs. 418.50 pg/mL, = 0.026) and severe vitamin D deficiency (3.00 ng/mL vs. 26.00 ng/mL, < 0.001). Hematocrit levels were also lower (38.00% vs. 41.30%, = 0.033), suggesting anemia risk. No significant differences in glucose levels were found. Reduced mean platelet volume and altered leukocyte subtypes suggested immune dysregulation. Nutritional deficiencies, particularly in vitamin B12 and D, play a critical role in psychiatric disorders. Routine screening and targeted supplementation should be integral to psychiatric care. Addressing these deficiencies may improve treatment outcomes, reduce symptom severity, and enhance patient well-being. Integrating metabolic and nutritional assessments into psychiatric practice is essential for advancing research and clinical management.
精神障碍表现出显著的症状和病因病理异质性，使诊断和治疗复杂化。血液学参数可作为整体健康的指标以及精神症状表现和缓解的预测指标，尤其是在长期住院患者中。本研究评估了血液学和生化标志物，包括维生素B12、维生素D和葡萄糖水平，以探讨它们在精神障碍和疾病进展中的潜在作用。这项前瞻性观察性研究于2022年1月1日至12月31日在卢布林的M. 卡钦斯基神经精神病医院按照伦理准则进行。该研究纳入了28名被诊断患有精神和行为障碍（国际疾病分类第十版：F03，未特定的痴呆症，以及F06.2，器质性妄想障碍）的精神科住院患者（18名女性，10名男性）和10名无精神科诊断的对照者。两组的血样均进行了血液学和生化分析。统计检验包括夏皮罗-威尔克检验、克鲁斯卡尔-沃利斯检验和图基多重极差检验。精神科患者的维生素B12水平显著较低（278.00 pg/mL对418.50 pg/mL，P = 0.026），且存在严重的维生素D缺乏（3.00 ng/mL对26.00 ng/mL，P < 0.001）。血细胞比容水平也较低（38.00%对41.30%，P = 0.033），提示有贫血风险。葡萄糖水平未发现显著差异。平均血小板体积降低和白细胞亚型改变提示免疫失调。营养缺乏，尤其是维生素B12和D的缺乏，在精神障碍中起关键作用。常规筛查和针对性补充应成为精神科护理的组成部分。解决这些缺乏问题可能改善治疗效果、减轻症状严重程度并提高患者幸福感。将代谢和营养评估纳入精神科实践对于推进研究和临床管理至关重要。
