Shin Sangyeop, Kulatunga D C M, Dananjaya S H S, Nikapitiya Chamilani, Lee Jehee, De Zoysa Mahanama
College of Veterinary Medicine and Research Institute of Veterinary Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 34134, Korea.
Department of Marine Life Sciences, School of Marine Biomedical Sciences, Jeju National University, Jeju 63243, Korea.
Mycobiology. 2017 Dec;45(4):297-311. doi: 10.5941/MYCO.2017.45.4.297. Epub 2017 Dec 31.
Saprolegniasis is one of the most devastating oomycete diseases in freshwater fish which is caused by species in the genus including . In this study, we isolated the strain of from diseased rainbow trout in Korea. Morphological and molecular based identification confirmed that isolated oomycete belongs to the member of , supported by its typical features including cotton-like mycelium, zoospores and phylogenetic analysis with internal transcribed spacer region. Pathogenicity of isolated was developed in embryo, juvenile, and adult zebrafish as a disease model. Host-pathogen interaction in adult zebrafish was investigated at transcriptional level. Upon infection with , pathogen/antigen recognition and signaling (TLR2, TLR4b, TLR5b, NOD1, and major histocompatibility complex class I), pro/anti-inflammatory cytokines (interleukin [IL]-1β, tumor necrosis factor α, IL-6, IL-8, interferon γ, IL-12, and IL-10), matrix metalloproteinase (MMP9 and MMP13), cell surface molecules (CD8 and CD4) and antioxidant enzymes (superoxide dismutase, catalase) related genes were differentially modulated at 3- and 12-hr post infection. As an anti- agent, plant based lawsone was applied to investigate on the susceptibility of showing the minimum inhibitory concentration and percentage inhibition of radial growth as 200 μg/mL and 31.8%, respectively. Moreover, natural lawsone changed the membrane permeability of mycelium and caused irreversible damage and disintegration to the cellular membranes of . Transcriptional responses of the genes of mycelium exposed to lawsone were altered, indicating that lawsone could be a potential anti- agent for controlling infection.
绵霉病是淡水鱼中最具毁灭性的卵菌病之一，由包括[具体属名]属中的物种引起。在本研究中，我们从韩国患病虹鳟中分离出[菌株名称]菌株。基于形态学和分子学的鉴定证实，分离出的卵菌属于[具体属名]的成员，其典型特征包括棉絮状菌丝体、游动孢子以及利用内部转录间隔区进行的系统发育分析均支持这一结论。以胚胎、幼鱼和成鱼斑马鱼作为疾病模型，研究了分离出的[菌株名称]的致病性。在转录水平上研究了成鱼斑马鱼中的宿主 - 病原体相互作用。感染[菌株名称]后，病原体/抗原识别和信号传导（Toll样受体2、Toll样受体4b、Toll样受体5b、核苷酸结合寡聚化结构域蛋白1和主要组织相容性复合体I类）、促炎/抗炎细胞因子（白细胞介素[IL]-1β、肿瘤坏死因子α、IL-6、IL-8、干扰素γ、IL-12和IL-10）、基质金属蛋白酶（MMP9和MMP13）、细胞表面分子（CD8和CD4）以及抗氧化酶（超氧化物歧化酶、过氧化氢酶）相关基因在感染后3小时和12小时受到不同程度的调节。作为一种抗[病原体名称]剂，应用基于植物的胡桃醌来研究[病原体名称]的敏感性，其最低抑菌浓度和径向生长抑制率分别为200μg/mL和31.8%。此外，天然胡桃醌改变了[病原体名称]菌丝体的膜通透性，并对[病原体名称]的细胞膜造成不可逆的损伤和瓦解。暴露于胡桃醌的[病原体名称]菌丝体基因的转录反应发生改变，表明胡桃醌可能是控制[病原体名称]感染的潜在抗[病原体名称]剂。
