Pinedo-Escatel J A, Moya-Raygoza G
Centro Universitario de Ciencias Biológicas y Agropecuarias, Universidad de Guadalajara, Las Agujas, Zapopan, Jalisco, México.
Environ Entomol. 2018 Apr 5;47(2):282-291. doi: 10.1093/ee/nvx204.
Leafhoppers constitute one of the largest groups of pests causing damage to crops worldwide. Edge grasses, which are border crops (also known as border grasses), contain diverse plant species and maintain large populations of leafhoppers during the tropical dry and wet seasons. However, little is known about the diversity of leafhoppers on these grasses. The objective of this study was to characterize the diversity of leafhoppers on maize and on surrounding border grasses during the dry and wet seasons. Leafhopper adults were collected with a sweep net from border grasses during the dry season, when maize is absent. During the wet, maize-growing season, leafhoppers were collected in both the maize fields and their surrounding edge grasses. A highly diverse (H' = 1.97 ± 2.03) leafhopper population was seen on the edge grasses during the dry season, and during the wet season, leafhopper diversity was higher in the edge grasses (H'= 1.79 ± 1.72) than in the maize fields themselves (H'= 1.67 ± 1.12). Throughout the wet season, the most abundant leafhopper species in border grasses were Stirellus bicolor (Van Duzee) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Graminella sonora (Ball) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), and Balclutha incisa (Matsumura) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), whereas Dalbulus maidis (DeLong) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) was the most abundant species in maize fields. All of these species were from the subfamily Deltocephalinae. Canonical Component Analysis showed that leafhopper abundance of Sibovia compta (Fowler) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), Graphocephala aurolineata (Fowler) (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae), D. maidis, and S. bicolor was associated with abiotic factors such as relative humidity, soil moisture, temperature, and pluvial precipitation. Nevertheless, for most leafhopper species, abundances were not significantly correlated with the abiotic variables measured.
叶蝉是对全球农作物造成损害的最大害虫群体之一。边缘草作为边界作物（也称为边界草），包含多种植物物种，并且在热带干湿季节维持着大量的叶蝉种群。然而，对于这些草上叶蝉的多样性知之甚少。本研究的目的是描述干湿季节玉米及周边边界草上叶蝉的多样性。在旱季玉米未生长时，用扫网从边界草上采集叶蝉成虫。在雨季玉米生长季节，在玉米田及其周边边缘草中采集叶蝉。旱季时在边缘草上观察到叶蝉种群高度多样（H' = 1.97 ± 2.03），而在雨季，边缘草上的叶蝉多样性（H' = 1.79 ± 1.72）高于玉米田本身（H' = 1.67 ± 1.12）。在整个雨季，边界草上最丰富的叶蝉物种是双色直突叶蝉（Stirellus bicolor (Van Duzee)）（半翅目：叶蝉科）、索诺拉禾叶蝉（Graminella sonora (Ball)）（半翅目：叶蝉科）和切口巴尔叶蝉（Balclutha incisa (Matsumura)）（半翅目：叶蝉科），而玉米田中最丰富的物种是玉米黄呆蓟马（Dalbulus maidis (DeLong)）（半翅目：叶蝉科）。所有这些物种都来自叶蝉亚科。典范对应分析表明，康氏西波叶蝉（Sibovia compta (Fowler)）（半翅目：叶蝉科）、金线图头叶蝉（Graphocephala aurolineata (Fowler)）（半翅目：叶蝉科）、玉米黄呆蓟马和双色直突叶蝉的丰度与相对湿度、土壤湿度、温度和降雨等非生物因素有关。然而，对于大多数叶蝉物种，其丰度与所测量的非生物变量没有显著相关性。
