Ecology and Evolutionary Biology, University of Michigan, 830 N University St, Ann Arbor, MI 48109 (
Environmental Science, Policy & Management, University of California, 130 Mulford Hall, Berkeley, CA 94720.
J Insect Sci. 2017 Jan 1;17(2). doi: 10.1093/jisesa/iew127.
The intensification of agriculture drives many ecological and environmental consequences including impacts on crop pest populations and communities. These changes are manifested at multiple scales including small-scale management practices and changes to the composition of land-use types in the surrounding landscape. In this study, we sought to examine the influence of local and landscape-scale agricultural factors on a leafhopper herbivore community in Mexican coffee plantations. We sampled leafhopper (Hemiptera: Cicadellidae) diversity in 38 sites from 9 coffee plantations of the Soconusco region of Chiapas, Mexico. While local management factors such as coffee density, branches per coffee bush, tree species, and density were not important in explaining leafhopper abundance and richness, shade management at the landscape level and elevation significantly affected leafhoppers. Specifically, the percentage of low-shade coffee in the landscape (1,000-m radius surrounding sites) increased total leafhopper abundance. In addition, Shannon's diversity of leafhoppers was increased with coffee density. Our results show that abundance and diversity of leafhoppers are greater in simplified landscapes, thereby suggesting that these landscapes will have higher pest pressure and may be more at-risk for diseases vectored by these species in an economically important crop.
农业集约化带来了许多生态和环境后果，包括对作物害虫种群和群落的影响。这些变化表现在多个尺度上，包括小规模的管理措施以及周围景观中土地利用类型组成的变化。在这项研究中，我们试图研究当地和景观尺度的农业因素对墨西哥咖啡种植园中叶蝉食草动物群落的影响。我们在墨西哥恰帕斯州索科努斯科地区的 9 个咖啡种植园中，从 38 个地点采集了叶蝉（半翅目：叶蝉科）的多样性。虽然局部管理因素，如咖啡密度、每棵咖啡树上的树枝数、树种和密度，对叶蝉丰度和丰富度的解释并不重要，但景观水平的遮荫管理和海拔高度对叶蝉有显著影响。具体来说，景观中低遮荫咖啡（周围站点 1000 米半径范围内）的比例增加了总叶蝉数量。此外，叶蝉的香农多样性随着咖啡密度的增加而增加。我们的结果表明，在简化的景观中，叶蝉的丰度和多样性更大，这表明这些景观将面临更高的害虫压力，并且在经济上重要的作物中，这些物种传播的疾病的风险可能更高。
