Vaccine Research Center, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, 10 Center Drive, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Laboratory of Allergic Diseases, NIAID, National Institutes of Health, 10 Clinical Center Drive, Building 10, Room 11N240B, MSC 1889, Bethesda, MD, 20892, USA.
Curr Allergy Asthma Rep. 2018 Jan 26;18(1):2. doi: 10.1007/s11882-018-0756-z.
Food allergy likely arises from a complex interplay between environmental triggers and genetic susceptibility. Here, we review recent studies that have investigated the genetic pathways and mechanisms that may contribute to the pathogenesis of food allergy.
A heritability component of food allergy has been observed in multiple studies. A number of monogenic diseases characterized by food allergy have elucidated pathways that may be important in pathogenesis. Several population-based genetic variants associated with food allergy have also been identified. The genetic mechanisms that play a role in the development of food allergy are heterogeneous and complex. Advances in our understanding of the genetics of food allergy, and how this predisposition interacts with environmental exposures to lead to disease, will improve our understanding of the key pathways leading to food allergy and inform more effective prevention and treatment strategies.
食物过敏可能是由环境诱因和遗传易感性之间的复杂相互作用引起的。在这里，我们综述了最近的研究，这些研究调查了可能有助于食物过敏发病机制的遗传途径和机制。
多项研究观察到食物过敏具有遗传成分。一些以食物过敏为特征的单基因疾病阐明了可能在发病机制中很重要的途径。还确定了一些与食物过敏相关的基于人群的遗传变异。在食物过敏发展中起作用的遗传机制是异质且复杂的。对食物过敏遗传学的理解以及这种易感性如何与环境暴露相互作用导致疾病的进展，将提高我们对导致食物过敏的关键途径的认识，并为更有效的预防和治疗策略提供信息。
