Hameed Mohajer A, Lingam Raghu, Zammit Stanley, Salvi Giovanni, Sullivan Sarah, Lewis Andrew J
School of Psychology, Faculty of Health, Deakin University, Melbourne, VIC, Australia.
Institute of Health and Society, Newcastle University, Newcastle upon Tyne, United Kingdom.
Front Psychol. 2018 Jan 9;8:2314. doi: 10.3389/fpsyg.2017.02314. eCollection 2017.
The aim of this study was to use prospective data from the Avon Longitudinal Study of Parents and Children (ALSPAC) to examine association between trajectories of early childhood developmental skills and psychotic experiences (PEs) in early adolescence. This study examined data from = 6790 children from the ALSPAC cohort who participated in a semi-structured interview to assess PEs at age 12. Child development was measured using parental report at 6, 18, 30, and 42 months of age using a questionnaire of items adapted from the Denver Developmental Screening Test - II. Latent class growth analysis was used to generate trajectories over time for measures of fine and gross motor development, social, and communication skills. Logistic regression was used to investigate associations between developmental trajectories in each of these early developmental domains and PEs at age 12. The results provided evidence that decline rather than enduringly poor social (adjusted OR = 1.28, 95% CI = 1.10-1.92, = 0.044) and communication skills (adjusted OR 1.12, 95% CI = 1.03-1.22, = 0.010) is predictive of suspected or definite PEs in early adolescence, than those with stable and/or improving skills. Motor skills did not display the same pattern of association; although gender specific effects provided evidence that only declining pattern of fine motor skills was associated with suspected and definite PEs in males compared to females (interaction OR = 1.47, 95% CI = 1.09-1.97, = 0.012). Findings suggest that decline rather than persistent impairment in social and communication skills were most predictive of PEs in early adolescence. Findings are discussed in terms of study's strengths, limitations, and clinical implications.
本研究的目的是利用来自雅芳亲子纵向研究（ALSPAC）的前瞻性数据，检验幼儿发育技能轨迹与青春期早期精神病体验（PEs）之间的关联。本研究分析了ALSPAC队列中6790名儿童的数据，这些儿童参加了一项半结构化访谈，以评估其12岁时的PEs。儿童发育情况通过家长报告进行测量，分别在6、18、30和42个月大时使用改编自丹佛发育筛查测验第二版的项目问卷。潜在类别增长分析用于生成精细和粗大运动发育、社交及沟通技能测量指标随时间的轨迹。逻辑回归用于研究这些早期发育领域中每个领域的发育轨迹与12岁时的PEs之间的关联。结果表明，与技能稳定和/或提高者相比，社交技能（调整后比值比=1.28, 95%可信区间=1.10-1.92, P=0.044）和沟通技能下降（调整后比值比=1.12, 95%可信区间=1.03-1.22, P=0.010）而非持续较差，可预测青春期早期疑似或确诊的PEs。运动技能未显示出相同的关联模式；尽管性别特异性效应表明，与女性相比，只有精细运动技能下降模式与男性疑似和确诊的PEs相关（交互作用比值比=1.47, 95%可信区间=1.09-1.97, P=0.012）。研究结果表明，社交和沟通技能下降而非持续受损最能预测青春期早期的PEs。研究结果从研究的优势、局限性和临床意义方面进行了讨论。
