Tecnológico de Monterrey, Escuela de Ingeniería y Ciencias, Eduardo Monroy Cárdenas 2000, San Antonio Buenavista, 50110 Toluca de Lerdo, México.
Biomed Mater. 2018 May 2;13(4):045011. doi: 10.1088/1748-605X/aaaaf4.
Implants of materials that are typically considered inert have been shown to cause early inflammatory complications. In addition, implant wear products may also cause overproduction of proinflammatory cytokines in the long run. Among the cytokines is tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNFα), which not only participates in the inflammatory response but also in the degradation of the bone. Therefore, a lack of production of TNFα by the cells of the immune system in contact with a candidate material for implant design is an indication of the acceptance of the biomaterial, and predicts the inflammatory response responsible for implant intolerance. There is no standard laboratory test to evaluate an individual response of a patient to a possible implant, although the use of peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) has been suggested. Here, we evaluated the biocompatibility and cytotoxicity of films made of polyhydroxybutyrate (PHB) reinforced with different concentrations of cellulose nanowhiskers (CNWs) using PBMCs from healthy donors. Cells from healthy donors were cultured in the presence of films of the biomaterial during 24 h and 7 d and the cell viability and proinflammatory cytokines TNFα and IL6 production were measured. We confirmed that PHB, CNWs and the reinforced blends (PHB/CNWs) are safe and lack cytotoxicity in human cells, which make them good candidates for implant materials.
通常被认为是惰性的材料的植入物已被证明会引起早期炎症并发症。此外，植入物磨损产品也可能导致长期促炎细胞因子的过度产生。细胞因子之一是肿瘤坏死因子 alpha（TNFα），它不仅参与炎症反应，还参与骨的降解。因此，与植入物设计的候选材料接触的免疫系统细胞缺乏 TNFα 的产生是生物材料被接受的迹象，并预测了导致植入物不耐受的炎症反应。虽然已经有人建议使用外周血单核细胞（PBMC），但目前还没有标准的实验室测试来评估患者对可能植入物的个体反应。在这里，我们使用来自健康供体的 PBMC 评估了不同浓度纤维素纳米纤维（CNW）增强的聚羟基丁酸酯（PHB）薄膜的生物相容性和细胞毒性。将健康供体的细胞在存在生物材料的薄膜的情况下培养 24 小时和 7 天，并测量细胞活力和促炎细胞因子 TNFα 和 IL6 的产生。我们证实 PHB、CNWs 和增强混合物（PHB/CNWs）对人类细胞安全且无细胞毒性，这使它们成为植入材料的良好候选物。
