Arugu G M, Maduka O
Department of Preventive and Social Medicine, Faculty of Clinical Sciences, University of Port Harcourt, Port Harcourt, Nigeria.
Niger J Clin Pract. 2017 Dec;20(12):1544-1549. doi: 10.4103/njcp.njcp_154_17.
Diabetes Mellitus is a non-communicable disease that affects people worldwide and poses major public health and socioeconomic challenges.
This was a descriptive cross-sectional community based survey carried out in Abua, a rural district located in the Niger Delta region of Nigeria among 462 adults recruited through multi-stage sampling. Data was collected using the structured WHO STEPS instrument for Chronic Disease Risk Factor Surveillance. The questionnaire included questions that assessed socio-demographic characteristics, diabetic risk factors, anthropometric measures, and biochemical parameters. Fasting blood glucose and blood pressure was measured using the WHO recommendations.
Equal number of males and females aged between 18 and 82 years were recruited. Mean age of 40.4614.36 years and median age of 38.5 years. The prevalence of diabetes mellitus was 37 (8.0%), of which 28 (6.1%) were previously diagnosed while 9 (1.9%) were newly diagnosed. Alcohol intake (AOR = 10.69; 95% CI = 2.60-43.87; P = 0.001) physical activity (AOR = 4.78; 95% CI = 1.16-19.65; P = 0.03), diastolic blood pressure (AOR= 32.67; 95% CI = 3.68-289.65; P = 0.002), age and family history of DM showed significant independent association (OR 1.09, 95% CI: 0.000, P < 0.001, OR 0.072, 95% CI: 0.014-0.380, P = 0.007) with diabetes mellitus.
Study findings underscore the need for diabetes prevention and control activities that address the four major risk factors identified by WHO. These interventions will positively impact prevalence of diabetes and other NCDs. Intervention strategies should not only target urban populations but also focus on education and health promotion among rural populations in a bid to forestall rising prevalence of diabetes.
糖尿病是一种非传染性疾病，影响着全球各地的人们，并带来重大的公共卫生和社会经济挑战。
这是一项基于社区的描述性横断面调查，在尼日利亚尼日尔三角洲地区的一个农村地区阿布阿进行，通过多阶段抽样招募了462名成年人。使用世界卫生组织用于慢性病危险因素监测的结构化“STEPS”工具收集数据。问卷包括评估社会人口学特征、糖尿病危险因素、人体测量指标和生化参数的问题。空腹血糖和血压按照世界卫生组织的建议进行测量。
招募了年龄在18至82岁之间的男性和女性数量相等。平均年龄为40.46±14.36岁，中位数年龄为38.5岁。糖尿病患病率为37例（8.0%），其中28例（6.1%）先前已被诊断，9例（1.9%）为新诊断。饮酒（比值比=10.69；95%置信区间=2.60-43.87；P=0.001）、身体活动（比值比=4.78；95%置信区间=1.16-19.65；P=0.03）、舒张压（比值比=32.67；95%置信区间=3.68-289.65；P=0.002）、年龄和糖尿病家族史与糖尿病显示出显著的独立关联（比值比1.09，95%置信区间：0.000，P<0.001，比值比0.072，95%置信区间：0.014-0.380，P=0.007）。
研究结果强调需要开展糖尿病预防和控制活动，以应对世界卫生组织确定的四大危险因素。这些干预措施将对糖尿病和其他非传染性疾病的患病率产生积极影响。干预策略不仅应针对城市人口，还应注重农村人口的教育和健康促进，以防止糖尿病患病率上升。
