采用 KAP 问卷评估加纳阿卡萨南区居民的高血压和糖尿病知识、态度和实践。
Assessing hypertension and diabetes knowledge, attitudes and practices among residents in Akatsi South District, Ghana using the KAP questionnaire.
机构信息
Department of Preventive Medicine and Public Health Laboratory Science, School of Medicine, Jiangsu University, Zhenjiang, China.
School of Basic Medicine and Clinical Pharmacy, China Pharmaceutical University, Nanjing, China.
出版信息
Front Public Health. 2023 Jun 2;11:1056999. doi: 10.3389/fpubh.2023.1056999. eCollection 2023.
OBJECTIVE
Low awareness of hypertension and diabetes is a public health concern in Ghana. Assessing the general population's behaviour via knowledge, attitude, and practice (KAP) will be invaluable in these diseases, where prevention and control need a lifelong commitment to a healthy lifestyle. Hence, our goal was to assess the behaviour of Akatsi South residents towards the diseases to assist health providers in implementing tailored intervention programs.
METHODS
This was a population-based cross-sectional study with 150 adults (18-70 years) from November to December 2021. A semi-structured questionnaire with face-to-face interviews was used to obtain data. All variables in the model had descriptive statistics. The Chi-square () test was used to examine correlations between variables, and a < 0.05 was considered statistically significant. The factors associated with checking blood sugar levels and blood pressure were determined using binary logistic regression.
RESULTS
The respondents' mean age and BMI were 32.40 years (± 12.07) and 24.98 kg/m (± 2.36), respectively. Only 46.67% of the respondents frequently monitor their blood pressure and 17.33% their blood glucose (at least once a year). Less than half of those surveyed had a good knowledge of hypertension (42.7%) and diabetes (32.0%), whereas nearly 3/4 had poor attitudes regarding both conditions. A binary logistic regression analysis revealed that having a good attitude toward hypertension (exp B = 2.479, = 0.036) and diabetes (exp B = 4.547, = 0.009) were the participants' strongest predictor of blood pressure and sugar level checks. However, being overweight (exp B = 0.046, = 0.002,) or obese (exp B = 0.144, = 0.034) negatively influenced the frequency with which our respondents checked their blood glucose levels.
CONCLUSION
In the study, we found that the population generally has poor knowledge, which affects their behaviour (attitudes and practices) towards the diseases. To enable healthcare practitioners to reduce disease-associated mortality and morbidity in the future, frequent public health education and promotion about the conditions is critical to closing the knowledge gap.
目的
在加纳，高血压和糖尿病的知晓率低是一个公共卫生问题。通过知识、态度和实践（KAP）评估普通人群的行为对于这些疾病非常有价值，因为预防和控制需要对健康的生活方式做出终身承诺。因此，我们的目标是评估阿卡萨南居民对这些疾病的行为，以帮助卫生提供者实施有针对性的干预计划。
方法
这是一项基于人群的横断面研究，于 2021 年 11 月至 12 月期间纳入了 150 名成年人（18-70 岁）。使用半结构式问卷和面对面访谈来获取数据。模型中的所有变量均进行描述性统计。使用卡方（ ）检验来检验变量之间的相关性， < 0.05 被认为具有统计学意义。使用二元逻辑回归确定与检查血糖和血压相关的因素。
结果
受访者的平均年龄和 BMI 分别为 32.40 岁（± 12.07）和 24.98 kg/m （± 2.36）。只有 46.67%的受访者经常监测血压，17.33%的受访者监测血糖（至少每年一次）。在接受调查的人中，不到一半的人对高血压（42.7%）和糖尿病（32.0%）有很好的了解，而近四分之三的人对这两种疾病的态度不佳。二元逻辑回归分析显示，对高血压（exp B=2.479， =0.036）和糖尿病（exp B=4.547， =0.009）有良好态度是参与者检查血压和血糖水平的最强预测因素。然而，超重（exp B=0.046， =0.002）或肥胖（exp B=0.144， =0.034）会降低受访者检查血糖水平的频率。
结论
在研究中，我们发现人群普遍知识水平较差，这影响了他们对这些疾病的行为（态度和实践）。为了使医疗保健从业者能够在未来降低与疾病相关的死亡率和发病率，频繁开展公众健康教育和宣传对于缩小知识差距至关重要。
Zotero 插件