Mangat Reshma, Ho Henry S S, Kuo Tricia L C
Department of Urology, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore.
Asian J Urol. 2018 Jan;5(1):42-47. doi: 10.1016/j.ajur.2017.12.002. Epub 2017 Dec 8.
Lower urinary tract symptoms (LUTS) are common in males over the age of 40 years old and are likely to increase with an aging population. Currently urodynamic studies are the gold standard to determine the aetiology of voiding dysfunction and LUTS. However, due to its invasive nature, a great number of non-invasive ultrasound based investigations have been developed to assess patients with symptomatic LUTS. The clinical application of non-invasive tests could potentially stratify patients who would require more invasive investigations and allow more precise patient directed treatment. A PubMed literature review was performed and we will discuss the non-invasive investigations that have been developed thus far, focusing on bladder wall and detrusor wall thickness (BWT & DWT), ultrasound estimated bladder weight (UEBW) and intravesical prostatic protrusion (IPP).
下尿路症状（LUTS）在40岁以上男性中很常见，并且随着人口老龄化可能会增加。目前，尿动力学研究是确定排尿功能障碍和LUTS病因的金标准。然而，由于其侵入性，已经开发了大量基于非侵入性超声的检查来评估有症状的LUTS患者。非侵入性检查的临床应用可能会对需要更具侵入性检查的患者进行分层，并实现更精准的针对患者的治疗。我们进行了PubMed文献综述，并将讨论迄今为止开发的非侵入性检查，重点关注膀胱壁和逼尿肌壁厚度（BWT和DWT）、超声估计膀胱重量（UEBW）和膀胱内前列腺突出（IPP）。
