Dhama Kuldeep, Karthik Kumaragurubaran, Khandia Rekha, Munjal Ashok, Tiwari Ruchi, Rana Rajneesh, Khurana Sandip Kumar, Khan Rifat Ullah, Alagawany Mahmoud, Farag Mayada Ragab, Dadar Maryam, Joshi Sunil Kumar
Division of Pathology, ICAR-Indian Veterinary Research Institute, Izatnagar, Bareilly, Uttar Pradesh - 243122, India.
Central University Laboratory, Tamil Nadu Veterinary and Animal Sciences University, Madhavaram Milk Colony, Chennai, Tamil Nadu - 600051, India.
Curr Drug Metab. 2018;19(3):236-263. doi: 10.2174/1389200219666180129145252.
Recently, there has been a remarkable progress in the field of antiviral herbal therapy owing to increasing concerns about the development of drug resistance and limited advances in the field of antiviral drug discovery. In almost all countries, medicinal plants have been used widely throughout history for the treatment of diseases and infections as traditional healing remedies due to their broad therapeutic spectrum and minimal or no side effects. As synthetic antiviral drugs are not available against most of the viral agents, hence all possible efforts have been focused on the search for new drugs and complementary/alternative medicines from different herbal formulations.
We have retrieved the related information from the online published resources (Medline, PubMed, Pub- Med Central, Science Direct and other scientific databases); which were further analyzed and compiled.
Medicinal plants contain extractable biochemical and bioactive compounds, which can target certain viruses or can cure or prevent several viral diseases and infections. Despite their long history of use, the research and scientific evidences regarding the use of medicinal plants and natural products as prophylactics, therapeutics, and their health multiple beneficial applications have only gained momentum in past few decades. Many scientific studies have been undertaken, which range from the separation of active substances to the comprehension of the therapeutic mechanisms of antiviral herbs, their potent applications in the neutralization of viral pathogens and clinical trials. Consequently, hundreds of herbs and plant metabolites have been screened, identified, and tested for their antiviral activities; fortunately, some have shown significant medicinal activity in the amelioration or prevention of various viral diseases in both preclinical and clinical studies.
This review addresses the scientific significance of various herbal formulations of different medicinal plants and their extracts, which have shown promise or been proven effective for the treatment of diseases caused by various viral pathogens, including emerging and re-emerging viruses that infect humans, animals, poultry and fish.
近来，由于对抗生素耐药性发展的日益关注以及抗病毒药物研发领域进展有限，抗病毒草药疗法领域取得了显著进展。在几乎所有国家，药用植物由于其广泛的治疗谱和极小或无副作用，在历史上一直被广泛用作传统治疗方法来治疗疾病和感染。由于大多数病毒病原体没有可用的合成抗病毒药物，因此所有可能的努力都集中在从不同草药配方中寻找新药和补充/替代药物上。
我们从在线发表的资源（Medline、PubMed、PubMed Central、Science Direct和其他科学数据库）中检索了相关信息；对这些信息进行了进一步分析和整理。
药用植物含有可提取的生化和生物活性化合物，这些化合物可以靶向某些病毒，或者可以治愈或预防多种病毒性疾病和感染。尽管药用植物使用历史悠久，但关于将药用植物和天然产物用作预防、治疗药物及其对健康的多种有益应用的研究和科学证据在过去几十年才开始蓬勃发展。已经开展了许多科学研究，范围从活性物质的分离到对抗病毒草药治疗机制的理解、它们在中和病毒病原体方面的有效应用以及临床试验。因此，数百种草药和植物代谢产物已被筛选、鉴定并测试其抗病毒活性；幸运的是，一些草药在临床前和临床研究中已显示出在改善或预防各种病毒性疾病方面具有显著的药用活性。
本综述阐述了不同药用植物的各种草药配方及其提取物的科学意义，这些配方已显示出有望或已被证明对治疗由各种病毒病原体引起的疾病有效，包括感染人类、动物、家禽和鱼类的新出现和再次出现的病毒。
