School of Nursing and Human Sciences, Dublin City University, Dublin, Ireland.
Clin Psychol Psychother. 2018 May;25(3):415-426. doi: 10.1002/cpp.2176. Epub 2018 Jan 30.
Although there have been some recent changes in Ireland, the practice of mandating personal therapy during training has traditionally differed between counselling and clinical psychologists. Irish psychologists (n = 258: 170 clinical, 88 counselling) took part in a survey study of experiences and views regarding this practice. Counselling psychologists reported higher rates of lifetime and current attendance at personal therapy compared to clinical psychologists, and nearly all had experienced mandated personal therapy compared to a minority of the clinical group. However, the clinical psychologists had a high rate of attendance at personal therapy compared to that reported for their British peers, indicating a high regard for personal therapy amongst Irish clinicians despite the absence of a training mandate. Five factors were found to be independent predictors of agreement with mandating personal therapy during training-lifetime experience of personal therapy, being a counselling psychologist, experience of mandated therapy, being more recently qualified, and longer attendance at personal therapy. Thematic analysis of the psychologists' open responses regarding mandated therapy indicated that the majority believed that personal therapy was an important part of ethical, effective practice, and valuable in enhancing self-awareness and learning from the client experience. Ethical concerns about a mandate were polarised between the two psychology specialisms, more counselling psychologists emphasising the dangers and questionable efficacy of psychologists practising psychotherapy without personal therapy experience, and more clinical psychologists questioning the efficacy and ethics of imposing a mandate on trainees. Recommendations are made regarding this issue for trainers of both specialisms.
尽管爱尔兰最近有所变化，但在培训期间强制进行个人治疗的做法在咨询和临床心理学家之间传统上有所不同。爱尔兰心理学家（n=258：170 名临床心理学家，88 名咨询心理学家）参与了一项关于这种做法的经验和观点的调查研究。与临床心理学家相比，咨询心理学家报告称他们有更高的终身和当前参加个人治疗的比例，几乎所有人都经历过强制的个人治疗，而临床组的少数人则经历过。然而，临床心理学家参加个人治疗的比例与他们英国同行报告的比例相比很高，这表明尽管没有培训要求，但爱尔兰临床医生对个人治疗的重视程度很高。有五个因素被发现是同意在培训期间强制进行个人治疗的独立预测因素——个人治疗的终身经验、咨询心理学家的身份、强制治疗的经验、最近获得资格和个人治疗的时间更长。对心理学家关于强制治疗的开放式回答的主题分析表明，大多数人认为个人治疗是道德、有效实践的重要组成部分，对于提高自我意识和从客户经验中学习很有价值。关于强制治疗的伦理问题在两个心理学专业之间存在两极分化，更多的咨询心理学家强调没有个人治疗经验的心理学家从事心理治疗的危险和可疑疗效，而更多的临床心理学家则对强加给学员的强制性要求的疗效和伦理提出质疑。针对这一问题，为两个专业的培训师提出了建议。
