Department of Psychology, Pennsylvania State University.
Department of Psychology, Klagenfurt University, Austria.
J Pers Disord. 2018 Jan;32(Suppl):93-114. doi: 10.1521/pedi.2018.32.supp.93.
In this study, the authors explored whether attachment insecurity moderates the effects of adverse childhood experiences on stress reactivity in the context of borderline personality disorder (BPD). Participants were 113 women (39 with BPD, 15 with some BPD criteria present, 59 without any BPD symptoms) who participated in the Trier Social Stress Test. Saliva samples were collected before and after the stressor and assayed for salivary alpha-amylase (sAA) and cortisol. Adverse childhood experiences were measured using the Childhood Trauma Questionnaire, and attachment by the Experiences in Close Relationships-Revised questionnaire. Results revealed that attachment avoidance and a combination of more adverse childhood experiences and attachment insecurity resulted in higher sAA levels and differences in reactivity to the stressor. Interactions between attachment anxiety and adverse childhood experiences were related to blunted cortisol reactivity. The results suggest that the influence of adverse childhood experiences on stress regulation in BPD may be moderated by attachment-related regulatory processes.
在这项研究中，作者探讨了依恋不安全感是否调节了边缘型人格障碍（BPD）背景下不良童年经历对应激反应的影响。参与者为 113 名女性（39 名 BPD 患者，15 名存在部分 BPD 标准，59 名无任何 BPD 症状），她们参加了特里尔社会应激测试。在应激源前后采集唾液样本，并检测唾液淀粉酶（sAA）和皮质醇。使用童年创伤问卷测量不良童年经历，使用亲密关系经历修订问卷测量依恋。结果表明，依恋回避以及更多的不良童年经历和依恋不安全感的组合导致 sAA 水平升高，对刺激的反应也有所不同。依恋焦虑与不良童年经历之间的相互作用与皮质醇反应迟钝有关。研究结果表明，依恋相关的调节过程可能调节了不良童年经历对 BPD 中应激调节的影响。
