Lortie Catherine L, Deschamps Isabelle, Guitton Matthieu J, Tremblay Pascale
Département de Réadaptation, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.
Département d'Ophtalmologie, d'Otorhinolaryngologie et de Chirurgie Cervico-Faciale, Faculté de Médecine, Université Laval, Quebec City, Canada.
J Speech Lang Hear Res. 2018 Feb 15;61(2):227-245. doi: 10.1044/2017_JSLHR-S-16-0202.
The factors that influence the evaluation of voice in adulthood, as well as the consequences of such evaluation on social interactions, are not well understood. Here, we examined the effect of listeners' age and the effect of talker age, sex, and smoking status on the auditory-perceptual evaluation of voice, voice-related psychosocial attributions, and perceived speech tempo. We also examined the voice dimensions affecting the propensity to engage in social interactions.
Twenty-five younger (age 19-37 years) and 25 older (age 51-74 years) healthy adults participated in this cross-sectional study. Their task was to evaluate the voice of 80 talkers.
Statistical analyses revealed limited effects of the age of the listener on voice evaluation. Specifically, older listeners provided relatively more favorable voice ratings than younger listeners, mainly in terms of roughness. In contrast, the age of the talker had a broader impact on voice evaluation, affecting auditory-perceptual evaluations, psychosocial attributions, and perceived speech tempo. Some of these talker differences were dependent upon the sex of the talker and his or her smoking status. Finally, the results also show that voice-related psychosocial attribution was more strongly associated with the propensity of the listener to engage in social interactions with a person than auditory-perceptual dimensions and perceived speech tempo, especially for the younger adults.
These results suggest that age has a broad influence on voice evaluation, with a stronger impact for talker age compared with listener age. While voice-related psychosocial attributions may be an important determinant of social interactions, perceived voice quality and speech tempo appear to be less influential.
影响成年期嗓音评价的因素，以及这种评价对社交互动的影响，目前尚未得到充分理解。在此，我们研究了听众年龄的影响，以及说话者年龄、性别和吸烟状况对嗓音的听觉感知评价、与嗓音相关的社会心理归因和感知语速的影响。我们还研究了影响社交互动倾向的嗓音维度。
25名年轻（19 - 37岁）和25名年长（51 - 74岁）的健康成年人参与了这项横断面研究。他们的任务是评价80名说话者的嗓音。
统计分析显示听众年龄对嗓音评价的影响有限。具体而言，年长听众给出的嗓音评分相对比年轻听众更有利，主要体现在粗糙程度方面。相比之下，说话者年龄对嗓音评价有更广泛的影响，影响听觉感知评价、社会心理归因和感知语速。其中一些说话者差异取决于说话者的性别及其吸烟状况。最后，结果还表明，与嗓音相关的社会心理归因比听觉感知维度和感知语速更强烈地与听众与他人进行社交互动的倾向相关，尤其是对于年轻成年人。
这些结果表明年龄对嗓音评价有广泛影响，说话者年龄的影响比听众年龄更强。虽然与嗓音相关的社会心理归因可能是社交互动的一个重要决定因素，但感知嗓音质量和语速似乎影响力较小。
