Quesnel Alicia M, Ishai Reuven, McKenna Michael J
Division of Otology and Neurotology, Department of Otolaryngology, Massachusetts Eye and Ear, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Massachusetts Eye and Ear Otopathology Laboratory, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston MA 02115, USA.
Massachusetts Eye and Ear Otopathology Laboratory, 243 Charles Street, Boston, MA 02114, USA; Department of Otolaryngology, Harvard Medical School, 25 Shattuck Street, Boston MA 02115, USA.
Otolaryngol Clin North Am. 2018 Apr;51(2):291-303. doi: 10.1016/j.otc.2017.11.001. Epub 2018 Feb 3.
Otosclerosis is pathologically characterized by abnormal bony remodeling, which includes bone resorption, new bone deposition, and vascular proliferation in the temporal bone. Sensorineural hearing loss in otosclerosis is associated with extension of otosclerosis to the cochlear endosteum and deposition of collagen throughout the spiral ligament. Persistent or recurrent conductive hearing loss after stapedectomy has been associated with incomplete footplate fenestration, poor incus-prosthesis connection, and incus resorption in temporal bone specimens. Human temporal bone pathology has helped to define the role of computed tomography imaging for otosclerosis, confirming that computed tomography is highly sensitive for diagnosis, yet limited in assessing cochlear endosteal involvement.
耳硬化症的病理特征为异常的骨质重塑，包括颞骨的骨质吸收、新骨沉积和血管增生。耳硬化症中的感音神经性听力损失与耳硬化症扩展至蜗管内皮层以及整个螺旋韧带中的胶原蛋白沉积有关。镫骨切除术后持续或复发性传导性听力损失与颞骨标本中镫骨足板开窗不完全、砧骨-假体连接不良以及砧骨吸收有关。人类颞骨病理学有助于明确计算机断层扫描成像在耳硬化症中的作用，证实计算机断层扫描对诊断高度敏感，但在评估蜗管内皮层受累方面存在局限性。
