Laboratory of Preclinical and Translational Research, IRCCS-Referral Cancer Center of Basilicata (CROB), 85028 Rionero in Vulture, Italy.
Biogem Scarl, Istituto di Ricerche Genetiche 'Gaetano Salvatore', 83031 Ariano Irpino, Italy.
Int J Mol Sci. 2018 Feb 3;19(2):460. doi: 10.3390/ijms19020460.
Acute myeloid leukemias (AML) are clonal disorders of hematopoietic progenitor cells which are characterized by relevant heterogeneity in terms of phenotypic, genotypic, and clinical features. Among the genetic aberrations that control disease development there are microRNAs (miRNAs). miRNAs are small non-coding RNAs that regulate, at post-transcriptional level, translation and stability of mRNAs. It is now established that deregulated miRNA expression is a prominent feature in AML. Functional studies have shown that miRNAs play an important role in AML pathogenesis and miRNA expression signatures are associated with chemotherapy response and clinical outcome. In this review we summarized miRNA signature in AML with different cytogenetic, molecular and clinical characteristics. Moreover, we reviewed the miRNA regulatory network in AML pathogenesis and we discussed the potential use of cellular and circulating miRNAs as biomarkers for diagnosis and prognosis and as therapeutic targets.
急性髓系白血病（AML）是造血祖细胞的克隆性疾病，其表型、基因型和临床特征具有明显的异质性。在控制疾病发展的遗传异常中，有 microRNAs（miRNAs）。miRNAs 是一种小的非编码 RNA，可在转录后水平调节 mRNA 的翻译和稳定性。现在已经确定，miRNA 的表达失调是 AML 的一个显著特征。功能研究表明，miRNAs 在 AML 的发病机制中起着重要作用，miRNA 表达谱与化疗反应和临床结果相关。在这篇综述中，我们总结了具有不同细胞遗传学、分子和临床特征的 AML 的 miRNA 特征。此外，我们还综述了 AML 发病机制中的 miRNA 调控网络，并讨论了细胞和循环 miRNAs 作为诊断和预后生物标志物以及治疗靶点的潜在用途。
