a People's Hospital of Zhongjiang , Deyang , Sichuan , P. R. China.
b College of Preclinical Medicine , Southwest Medical University , Luzhou , Sichuan , P. R. China.
Leuk Lymphoma. 2019 Feb;60(2):284-294. doi: 10.1080/10428194.2018.1480769. Epub 2018 Sep 6.
Acute Myeloid Leukemia (AML) is a hematopoietic progenitor/stem cell disorder in which neoplastic myeloblasts are stopped at an immature stage of differentiation and lost the normal ability of proliferation and apoptosis. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are small noncoding, single-stranded RNA molecules that can mediate the expression of target genes. While miRNAs mean to contribute the developments of normal functions, abnormal expression of miRNAs and regulations on their corresponding targets have often been found in the developments of AML and described in recent years. In leukemia, miRNAs may function as regulatory molecules, acting as oncogenes or tumor suppressors. Overexpression of miRNAs can down-regulate tumor suppressors or other genes involved in cell differentiation, thereby contributing to AML formation. Similarly, miRNAs can down-regulate different proteins with oncogenic activity as tumor suppressors. We herein review the current data on miRNAs, specifically their targets and their biological function based on apoptosis in the development of AML.
急性髓细胞白血病（AML）是一种造血祖细胞/干细胞疾病，其中肿瘤性原始粒细胞停滞在分化的不成熟阶段，丧失了正常的增殖和凋亡能力。微小 RNA（miRNA）是一种小的非编码、单链 RNA 分子，可以调节靶基因的表达。虽然 miRNA 有助于正常功能的发展，但近年来发现异常表达的 miRNA 及其对相应靶标的调控经常发生在 AML 的发展过程中。在白血病中，miRNA 可以作为调节分子，发挥癌基因或肿瘤抑制基因的作用。miRNA 的过表达可以下调肿瘤抑制基因或其他参与细胞分化的基因，从而有助于 AML 的形成。同样，miRNA 可以下调具有致癌活性的不同蛋白质作为肿瘤抑制因子。本文综述了 miRNA 的最新数据，特别是它们基于凋亡在 AML 发生发展中的靶基因及其生物学功能。
