年长青少年对体育活动的期望：关于健康和外貌结果的隐性认知。
What older adolescents expect from physical activity: Implicit cognitions regarding health and appearance outcomes.
作者信息
McFadden K, Berry T R, McHugh T F, Rodgers W M
机构信息
a Faculty of Physical Education & Recreation, University of Alberta , Edmonton , Alberta , Canada.
出版信息
J Am Coll Health. 2018 Apr;66(3):202-208. doi: 10.1080/07448481.2018.1429447. Epub 2018 Mar 1.
OBJECTIVE
To explore older adolescents' reflective and impulsive thoughts about health- and social/appearance-related physical activity (PA) outcomes and investigate how those thoughts relate to their PA behavior.
PARTICIPANTS
One hundred and forty-four undergraduate students (109 women; 35 men) aged 17-19 years (M = 18.11, SD = 0.65) participated in this study in October 2015.
METHODS
Participants completed a Go/No-go Association Task that assessed automaticity of associations between PA words and either health outcomes or social/appearance outcomes. Questionnaires assessing PA behavior, attitudes, outcome expectations, and body image were also completed.
RESULTS
Participants demonstrated a positive automatic association between PA and social/appearance outcomes, F(1, 136) = 4.403, p < .05, η = .031, but they showed no difference in their associations between PA and desirable or undesirable health outcomes, F(1, 136) = 2.405, p = .123, η = .017.
CONCLUSIONS
Older adolescents implicitly attend to the social/appearance outcomes of PA more than potential health outcomes, indicating that social recognition and a desirable physique may be the key PA motivators for adolescents.
目的
探讨年龄较大的青少年对与健康及社会/外表相关的体育活动（PA）结果的反思性和冲动性想法，并调查这些想法与他们的体育活动行为之间的关系。
参与者
2015年10月，144名年龄在17 - 19岁之间的本科生（109名女性；35名男性）（M = 18.11，SD = 0.65）参与了本研究。
方法
参与者完成了一项“停止信号关联任务”，该任务评估了体育活动相关词汇与健康结果或社会/外表结果之间关联的自动性。还完成了评估体育活动行为、态度、结果期望和身体形象的问卷调查。
结果
参与者表现出体育活动与社会/外表结果之间存在正向自动关联，F(1, 136) = 4.403，p <.05，η =.031，但他们在体育活动与理想或不理想的健康结果之间的关联上没有差异，F(1, 136) = 2.405，p =.123，η =.017。
结论
年龄较大的青少年在潜意识里更关注体育活动的社会/外表结果而非潜在的健康结果，这表明社会认可和理想的体型可能是青少年参与体育活动的关键动机。
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