Scott Susan M, Rose Susan R
University of New Mexico School of Medicine, 2211 Lomas Boulevard, Albuquerque, NM 87131, USA.
Cincinnati Children's Hospital Medical Center and University of Cincinnati, MLC 7012, 3333 Burnet Avenue, Cincinnati, OH 45229, USA.
Clin Perinatol. 2018 Mar;45(1):93-102. doi: 10.1016/j.clp.2017.11.002. Epub 2017 Dec 26.
The soon-to-be-delivered fetus and preterm infant have been treated with glucocorticoids to prepare for postnatal life, historically for more than 40 years. The use of glucocorticoids is as much for replacement of cortisol in the setting of a poorly functioning hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis in the preterm infant, as it is for prevention of long-term lung dysfunction. Potential negative effects of glucocorticoid treatment on brain development and function have been observed more often with dexamethasone therapy than with use of other glucocorticoids. Overall, glucocorticoid treatment has improved the outcome of the preterm infant.
即将分娩的胎儿和早产儿已接受糖皮质激素治疗以准备迎接出生后的生活，在历史上已有40多年。糖皮质激素的使用一方面是为了替代早产儿下丘脑-垂体-肾上腺轴功能不良情况下的皮质醇，另一方面也是为了预防长期的肺功能障碍。与使用其他糖皮质激素相比，地塞米松治疗更常观察到糖皮质激素治疗对脑发育和功能的潜在负面影响。总体而言，糖皮质激素治疗改善了早产儿的预后。
