青少年运动员参赛前筛查：识别心血管疾病

Preparticipation Screening of Young Athletes: Identifying Cardiovascular Disease.

作者信息

Lammlein Kyle P, Stoddard Jonathan M, O'Connor Francis G

机构信息

Family Medicine, National Capital Consortium Family Medicine Residency, Fort Belvoir Community Hospital, 9300 DeWitt Loop, Fort Belvoir, VA 22060, USA.

出版信息

Prim Care. 2018 Mar;45(1):95-107. doi: 10.1016/j.pop.2017.11.005.

DOI:10.1016/j.pop.2017.11.005

PMID:29406947

Abstract

The most common cause of sudden cardiac death (SCD) in young athletes in the United States is "autopsy-negative sudden unexplained death." This makes it extremely difficult to screen for and diagnose predisposing cardiovascular conditions before athletic participation. The goal of the preparticipation physical examination is to detect risk factors for SCD, make risk-based decisions regarding the need for further workup, and ultimately recommend for or against participation. Current evidence recommends universal screening of young athletes using the 14-point American Heart Association preparticipation cardiovascular checklist. Electrocardiograms and echocardiograms are not currently recommended in the United States to screen athletes.

摘要

在美国，年轻运动员心源性猝死（SCD）最常见的原因是“尸检阴性的不明原因猝死”。这使得在运动员参加体育活动前筛查和诊断易患心血管疾病极为困难。参与前体格检查的目的是检测SCD的风险因素，基于风险做出关于是否需要进一步检查的决定，并最终建议是否参加体育活动。目前的证据建议使用美国心脏协会的14项参与前心血管检查清单对年轻运动员进行普遍筛查。目前在美国不建议使用心电图和超声心动图对运动员进行筛查。