Nichols Grace A L, Antoun Joseph S, Fowler Peter V, Al-Ani Azza H, Farella Mauro
Hospital Dental Service, Christchurch Hospital, Christchurch, New Zealand.
Discipline of Orthodontics, Department of Oral Sciences, Sir John Walsh Research Institute, Faculty of Dentistry, University of Otago, Dunedin, New Zealand.
Am J Orthod Dentofacial Orthop. 2018 Feb;153(2):224-231. doi: 10.1016/j.ajodo.2017.06.018.
The aim of this study was to assess long-term changes and describe the trajectories of oral health-related quality of life (OHRQoL) in a cohort of cleft, surgery, and standard patients who received orthodontic treatment.
Standard (n = 16), cleft (n = 19), and orthognathic surgery (n = 22) patients completed the short-form of the Oral Health Impact Profile (OHIP-14) before treatment, immediately posttreatment, and approximately 5 years posttreatment.
An overall reduction in OHIP-14 scores (improvement in OHRQoL) occurred after orthodontic treatment; however, this was only significant for the surgery and standard groups (P <0.05). The total OHIP-14 score increased significantly from posttreatment to 5 years follow-up for all 3 study groups (P <0.05). Relative to pretreatment, however, there were significant reductions in total OHIP-14 scores at 5 years posttreatment in the surgery group (-57.4%; P <0.05), but not in the standard sample (-24.2%; P >0.05). By contrast, the OHIP-14 score in the cleft group increased but not significantly (40.2%; P >0.05). Using a mixed model analysis, a significant interaction was detected between patient group and time (ie, study time point) (F = 6.0; P <0.0001), after adjusting for age and sex.
Distinct patient groups showed different OHRQoL trajectories after orthodontic treatment. Treatment-related improvements in OHRQoL are maintained over time for surgery patients, but not for those with standard malocclusions and orofacial clefts.
本研究旨在评估接受正畸治疗的腭裂患者、手术患者和标准患者队列中口腔健康相关生活质量（OHRQoL）的长期变化并描述其轨迹。
标准组（n = 16）、腭裂组（n = 19）和正颌手术组（n = 22）患者在治疗前、治疗后即刻以及治疗后约5年完成了口腔健康影响程度简表（OHIP - 14）。
正畸治疗后OHIP - 14评分总体降低（OHRQoL改善）；然而，这仅在手术组和标准组中具有统计学意义（P <0.05）。所有3个研究组从治疗后到5年随访时OHIP - 14总分均显著增加（P <0.05）。然而，相对于治疗前，手术组在治疗后5年时OHIP - 14总分显著降低（-57.4%；P <0.05），而标准样本组未显著降低（-24.2%；P >0.05）。相比之下，腭裂组的OHIP - 14评分增加但无统计学意义（40.2%；P >0.05）。在调整年龄和性别后，使用混合模型分析检测到患者组与时间（即研究时间点）之间存在显著交互作用（F = 6.0；P <0.0001）。
不同患者组在正畸治疗后表现出不同的OHRQoL轨迹。手术患者的OHRQoL与治疗相关的改善随时间得以维持，但标准错颌畸形和口腔颌面部裂隙患者则不然。
