School of Global, Urban and Social Studies, RMIT University, Australia; Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Australia.
Department of Spatial Sciences, Curtin University, Australia.
Accid Anal Prev. 2018 Apr;113:85-96. doi: 10.1016/j.aap.2018.01.019. Epub 2018 Mar 7.
Visual information for a driver is predominant during driving. Linking drivers' visual search patterns with motor behaviour helps understand how drivers perceived spatial and hazardous information to regulate their physical movements. Visual-motor coordination performance can be a sensitive indicator for driver competency assessment. Due to age-related cognitive decline, older drivers are likely inefficient in visual-motor coordination. While poor visual-motor coordination can cause risky behaviour behind the wheel, it is yet challenging to examine it owing to the complexity of driving behaviour. By reviewing how vision guides driving, we proposed a gaze-based integrated driving assessment approach. The empirical data were from 38 older drivers aged 60 to 81 years, who completed an on-road driving assessment recorded by eye tracking and vehicle movement tracking. Their visual search attributes were extracted from eye tracking video frames and linked to vehicle positions. Driving data, drivers' cognitive condition and driving section were encapsulated into an integrated database, allowing interrogating multi-faceted driver-vehicle-environment interactions. Exploratory analysis results show that older drivers' performed different visual search patterns at roundabout and intersection manoeuvres. Older drivers with better executive function skills performed more frequent eye fixations on the curves and inside vehicle features. The investigation of visual-motor coordination performance demonstrated the feasibility and effectiveness of using the integrated approach in assessing older drivers' performance.
在驾驶过程中，驾驶员主要依赖视觉信息。将驾驶员的视觉搜索模式与驾驶行为联系起来有助于理解驾驶员如何感知空间和危险信息，从而调节他们的身体运动。视觉运动协调性能可以作为驾驶员能力评估的敏感指标。由于与年龄相关的认知能力下降，老年驾驶员在视觉运动协调方面可能效率较低。虽然较差的视觉运动协调能力会导致驾驶时的危险行为，但由于驾驶行为的复杂性，对其进行检查具有挑战性。通过回顾视觉如何指导驾驶，我们提出了一种基于注视的综合驾驶评估方法。实证数据来自 38 名年龄在 60 至 81 岁之间的老年驾驶员，他们完成了一次由眼动追踪和车辆运动追踪记录的道路驾驶评估。他们的视觉搜索属性是从眼动追踪视频帧中提取的，并与车辆位置相关联。驾驶数据、驾驶员的认知状况和驾驶路段被封装到一个综合数据库中，允许查询多方面的驾驶员-车辆-环境交互。探索性分析结果表明，老年驾驶员在环岛和交叉口操作时表现出不同的视觉搜索模式。执行功能技能较好的老年驾驶员在弯道和车内特征上的注视次数更多。视觉运动协调性能的研究证明了使用综合方法评估老年驾驶员性能的可行性和有效性。
