闭环利用人尿：沸石回收营养物在基于泥炭的基质中对植物的有效性。
Closing the loop on human urine: Plant availability of zeolite-recovered nutrients in a peat-based substrate.
机构信息
Department of Biosystems and Technology, P.O. Box 103, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, SE-230 53, Alnarp, Sweden.
Again AB, Fiskhamnsgatan 10, SE-414 58, Gothenburg, Sweden.
出版信息
J Environ Manage. 2018 Apr 1;211:177-190. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.053. Epub 2018 Feb 4.
Recycling mineral nutrients from household wastewater is a central step in the development of a circular economy based society. The objective of this study was to evaluate plant availability of mineral elements and plant performance in a peat substrate containing nutrient-enriched zeolite (NEZ) obtained by nutrient recovery from human urine in a source separated wastewater system. Substrate content of potentially available mineral nutrients was determined by CaCl/DTPA-extraction during a 12 weeks incubation experiment for 20:80 (R20) and 30:70 (R30) volume % of NEZ:sphagnum peat, limed R20 (R20L), and 20:80 vol% of unloaded zeolite:sphagnum peat (Z20). Plant availability of mineral elements from R20, R20L, R30 and Z20 was compared with conventionally fertilised sphagnum peat (P100) for sunflower (Helianthus annuus L.) cv. 'Topolino' in a pot experiment. Recovery of nutrients in a potentially available form in the R20 substrate after 12 weeks was 3% (K), 23% (N, P), 34% (Mg) and 90% (S). Liming increased the recovery of mineral N to 39%, suggesting that nitrification was an important driver for the release of NH. For R20, estimated recovery of urine-derived N in sunflower shoots was 30-36%. Shoot biomass was similar in R20 and in conventionally fertilised peat (P100). However, P100 plants had more leaves and flowers+buds. Initial addition of ammonium phosphate or supplemental fertilisation with a complete nutrient solution increased flower+bud number in R20. For the NEZ-treatments, Cu and B shoot concentrations were in the low or marginal range while Zn and Mn were high or in excess. Shoot growth and nutrient uptake of sunflower were highly restricted in the unloaded zeolite control (Z20). We conclude that 20% NEZ in a peat substrate was effective as a macronutrient source for sunflower, producing similar biomass as in conventionally fertilised peat. However, micronutrient balance and early P supply may need to be adjusted for optimal plant performance.
从家庭废水中回收矿物质营养是基于循环经济社会发展的关键步骤。本研究的目的是评估在一种由人尿中养分回收的富含养分沸石（NEZ）组成的泥炭基质中，植物对矿物质元素的利用效率和植物性能。通过在 12 周的培养实验中用 CaCl/DTPA 进行提取，确定潜在可利用的矿物质养分的基质含量，实验中 NEZ:泥炭的体积比为 20:80（R20）和 30:70（R30），石灰处理的 R20（R20L）和 20:80 体积%的未负载沸石：泥炭（Z20）。将 R20、R20L、R30 和 Z20 的矿物质元素的植物可利用性与传统施肥的泥炭（P100）进行比较，用于盆栽实验中向日葵（Helianthus annuus L.）cv。'Topolino'。在 12 周后，R20 基质中以潜在形式存在的养分回收率为 3%（K）、23%（N、P）、34%（Mg）和 90%（S）。石灰处理将矿质氮的回收率提高到 39%，表明硝化作用是 NH 释放的重要驱动力。对于 R20，估算出尿源 N 在向日葵地上部分的回收率为 30-36%。R20 和传统施肥泥炭（P100）的地上部分生物量相似。然而，P100 植物的叶片和花+芽更多。初始添加磷酸铵或用完全营养液补充施肥可增加 R20 中的花+芽数量。对于 NEZ 处理，Cu 和 B 的地上部浓度处于低或边缘范围，而 Zn 和 Mn 的浓度较高或过量。在未负载的沸石对照（Z20）中，向日葵的生长和养分吸收受到严重限制。我们得出结论，20%的 NEZ 在泥炭基质中可作为向日葵的主要养分来源，产生与传统施肥泥炭相似的生物量。然而，为了达到最佳的植物性能，可能需要调整微量元素的平衡和早期磷的供应。
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