Department of Materials Science and Nanotechnology Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Near East University, 99138, Nicosia, North Cyprus, Mersin 10, Turkey; Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Science, Atatürk University, 25240, Erzurum, Turkey.
J Environ Manage. 2018 Apr 1;211:53-62. doi: 10.1016/j.jenvman.2018.01.014. Epub 2018 Feb 2.
In this study, the heterogeneous Fenton oxidation of ciprofloxacin (CIP) in an aqueous solution was examined over the nano-sized magnetite (FeO) as a catalyst supplied through high-energy planetary ball milling process. To characterize the magnetite samples after and before ball milling operation, the X-ray diffraction (XRD), High-resolution scanning electron microscopy (HR-SEM), energy-dispersive X-ray spectroscopy (EDX), Brunauer-Emmett-Teller (BET) and Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FTIR) analysis were applied. The catalytic properties of the magnetite were considerably improved because of the enhancement in its physical properties, resulted from milling process. The findings also indicated that 6 h ball-milled magnetite demonstrated better properties for elimination of CIP of about 89% following 120 min reaction at optimal conditions of HO 12 mM, FeO 1.75 g L, CIP 10 mg L and pH 3.0. The effects of various operational parameters, including the initial pH of the solution, HO initial concentration, catalyst dosage, milling time and CIP initial concentration was investigated. Application of organic and inorganic scavengers considerably decreased the CIP removal efficiency. Correspondingly, with respect to the leached iron values at pH 3, it was concluded that CIP elimination was mainly occurred through heterogeneous Fenton procedure. This process included the adsorption and oxidation phases in which the hydroxyl radicals (OH) played a significant role. GC-MS analysis was used for recording of the generated intermediates of the CIP removal in the course of heterogeneous Fenton process.
在这项研究中，通过高能行星球磨工艺提供的纳米级磁铁矿（FeO）作为催化剂，考察了水中环丙沙星（CIP）的多相芬顿氧化。为了表征球磨前后的磁铁矿样品，应用了 X 射线衍射（XRD）、高分辨率扫描电子显微镜（HR-SEM）、能谱（EDX）、BET 和傅里叶变换红外光谱（FTIR）分析。由于研磨过程增强了其物理性质，磁铁矿的催化性能得到了显著提高。研究结果还表明，在最佳条件下，经过 120 分钟反应，HO 为 12mM、FeO 为 1.75g/L、CIP 为 10mg/L、pH 为 3.0，经过 6 小时球磨的磁铁矿对消除 CIP 的性能更好，约为 89%。考察了各种操作参数的影响，包括溶液初始 pH 值、HO 初始浓度、催化剂用量、研磨时间和 CIP 初始浓度。有机和无机清除剂的应用大大降低了 CIP 的去除效率。相应地，根据 pH 3 时浸出的铁值，得出结论，CIP 的消除主要通过多相芬顿程序进行。该过程包括吸附和氧化阶段，其中羟基自由基（OH）发挥了重要作用。GC-MS 分析用于记录在多相芬顿过程中 CIP 去除过程中生成的中间体。
