Scarabelli Stefania, Timofte Dorina, Malalana Fernando, Bardell David
Phillip Leverhulme Equine Hospital, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Veterinary Pathology and Public Health Department, Institute of Veterinary Science, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK; Institute of Infection and Global Health, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, UK.
Vet Anaesth Analg. 2018 May;45(3):278-284. doi: 10.1016/j.vaa.2017.12.002. Epub 2018 Jan 9.
To evaluate the incidence of corneal abrasions/ulceration and microbial contamination in horses undergoing general anaesthesia.
Prospective, observational, clinical study.
A total of 40 client-owned healthy horses scheduled for elective non-ophthalmic procedures.
Conjunctival sac swabs were taken, fluorescein dye applied and digital images recorded from both eyes of the horses after preanaesthetic medication and 24 hours after recovery from general anaesthesia. A paraffin-based bland ophthalmic ointment was applied on the ocular surface intraoperatively following collection of a sample into a sterile container. All samples underwent aerobic, anaerobic and fungal culture. Subject demographics, chronology of ophthalmic ointment use, anaesthesia duration, recumbency after induction, during surgery and recovery, fluorescein uptake and culture results were recorded. Descriptive statistics were performed.
Complete data were collected from 34 horses; six (17.6%) developed mild unilateral generalized fluorescein uptake consistent with corneal abrasions. Recumbency on the operating table was the only risk factor significantly associated with corneal abrasions. A total of 11 bacterial species were identified; Staphylococcus spp. (15 eyes) and Micrococcus spp. (eight eyes) were the most frequently isolated bacteria. Two fungal species were isolated postoperatively (Aspergillus spp., Saccharomyces spp.) in two eyes. Ointment contamination was recorded in two cases (5%) but cross-contamination was not recognized.
Incidence of corneal abrasion/ulceration in horses undergoing general anaesthesia and contamination rate of ophthalmic solutions are similar to those previously reported in dogs.
评估接受全身麻醉的马匹角膜擦伤/溃疡及微生物污染的发生率。
前瞻性、观察性临床研究。
总共40匹客户拥有的健康马匹，计划进行择期非眼科手术。
在麻醉前用药后以及全身麻醉恢复24小时后，采集结膜囊拭子，应用荧光素染料，并记录马匹双眼的数字图像。在将样本收集到无菌容器后，术中在眼表涂抹石蜡基温和眼科软膏。所有样本均进行需氧、厌氧和真菌培养。记录受试者的人口统计学信息、眼科软膏使用时间顺序、麻醉持续时间、诱导后、手术期间和恢复期间的卧位、荧光素摄取情况及培养结果。进行描述性统计。
从34匹马收集到完整数据；6匹（17.6%）出现与角膜擦伤一致的轻度单侧广泛性荧光素摄取。手术台上的卧位是与角膜擦伤显著相关的唯一危险因素。共鉴定出11种细菌；葡萄球菌属（15只眼）和微球菌属（8只眼）是最常分离出的细菌。术后在两只眼中分离出两种真菌（曲霉属、酿酒酵母属）。记录到两例（5%）软膏污染，但未发现交叉污染。
接受全身麻醉的马匹角膜擦伤/溃疡的发生率及眼科溶液的污染率与先前在犬类中报道的相似。
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