Brooks D E, Andrew S E, Dillavou C L, Ellis G, Kubilis P S
Department of Large and Small Animal Clinical Sciences, College of Veterinary Medicine, University of Florida, Gainesville 32601, USA.
Am J Vet Res. 1998 Feb;59(2):138-42.
To evaluate in vitro susceptibility to topical antifungal medications, as measured by minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) and 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50%), of fungal isolates from horses with ulcerative keratomycosis in Florida; to compare results with those of other studies to identify differences in susceptibility patterns among fungi isolated from horses in different geographic regions; and to note indications of fungal resistance to drugs tested in other studies.
Corneal fungal cultures from client-owned horses from Florida with ulcerative keratomycosis (n = 22).
Fungal cultures were plated on Emmons modified Sabouraud dextrose agar and mycobiotic agar, examined weekly for growth, and kept for a total of 30 days. In vitro MIC and IC50% of fluconazole, itraconazole, ketoconazole, miconazole, and natamycin were measured for each fungal isolate.
Aspergillus (n = 9; 41%), Fusarium (7; 32%), Penicillium (2; 9%), Cylindrocarpon (1; 4%), Scytalidium (1; 4%), and Torulopsis (1; 4%) spp and an unidentified yeast (1; 4%) were isolated. Fungi were most susceptible to antifungal drugs in the following order: natamycin and miconazole equally, itraconazole, and ketoconazole, although no significant difference was found among drugs. Fungi were significantly less susceptible to fluconazole (P < 0.0001) than to the other 4 drugs.
Initial antifungal therapy with topically applied natamycin, miconazole, itraconazole, or ketoconazole is recommended for ulcerative keratomycosis in horses in the subtropical environment of Florida.
Specific antifungal treatment of horses with ulcerative keratomycosis should be based on history, results of ophthalmic examination, cytologic findings, isolation of the pathogenic fungus, and known prevalence of unique ocular fungi in specific geographic areas. In vitro antifungal susceptibility testing may be most beneficial in aiding documentation of pharmacologic susceptibility patterns of fungi in specific geographic regions.
通过测定最低抑菌浓度（MIC）和50%抑制浓度（IC50%），评估佛罗里达州患有溃疡性角膜真菌病马匹的真菌分离株对局部抗真菌药物的体外敏感性；将结果与其他研究进行比较，以确定不同地理区域分离自马匹的真菌在药敏模式上的差异；并指出真菌对其他研究中所测试药物耐药的迹象。
来自佛罗里达州患有溃疡性角膜真菌病的客户拥有马匹的角膜真菌培养物（n = 22）。
将真菌培养物接种于改良的艾氏沙保弱葡萄糖琼脂和霉菌琼脂上，每周检查生长情况，共培养30天。测定每种真菌分离株对氟康唑、伊曲康唑、酮康唑、咪康唑和那他霉素的体外MIC和IC50%。
分离出曲霉菌（n = 9；41%）、镰刀菌（7；32%）、青霉菌（2；9%）、柱孢属（1；4%）、帚霉属（1；4%）、球拟酵母属（1；4%）以及一种未鉴定的酵母菌（1；4%）。真菌对抗真菌药物的敏感性由高到低依次为：那他霉素和咪康唑相同、伊曲康唑、酮康唑，不过各药物之间未发现显著差异。真菌对氟康唑的敏感性显著低于其他4种药物（P < 0.0001）。
对于佛罗里达州亚热带环境中患有溃疡性角膜真菌病的马匹，建议初始抗真菌治疗采用局部应用那他霉素、咪康唑、伊曲康唑或酮康唑。
对患有溃疡性角膜真菌病的马匹进行特异性抗真菌治疗应基于病史、眼科检查结果、细胞学检查结果、致病真菌的分离以及特定地理区域独特眼部真菌的已知流行情况。体外抗真菌药敏试验可能对记录特定地理区域真菌的药理敏感性模式最为有益。
