Department of Biomedical Sciences, Heritage College of Osteopathic Medicine, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Diabetes Institute, Ohio University, Athens, OH, USA.
Clin Endocrinol (Oxf). 2018 May;88(5):673-682. doi: 10.1111/cen.13563. Epub 2018 Mar 2.
The high molecular weight (HMW) adiponectin isoform is considered the active form of adiponectin and is linked to insulin sensitivity and the reduced risk of developing cardiovascular disease. The purpose of the first study was to determine the effects of age and sex on the plasma HMW adiponectin response to acute hyperinsulinemia, and secondly determine whether either endurance or resistance exercise training could affect this response.
Twenty-six healthy males (19-84 years) and twenty-six healthy females (18-76 years) were recruited and matched for BMI to examine the effects of sex and age on the plasma adiponectin response to a 2-hour hyperinsulinemic-euglycemic clamp. To examine the effects of exercise training, a subgroup of young (<35 years) and aged (>55 years) individuals were randomized into a 12-week endurance or resistance training programme and had their adiponectin response to hyperinsulinemia measured before and after training. High molecular weight (HMW) and total adiponectin were measured by ELISA.
In response to hyperinsulinemia, plasma HMW adiponectin decreased in females (-9%, P < .005), but not males. After 12 weeks of endurance training, the response of plasma HMW adiponectin to hyperinsulinemia increased in older females (36%, P < .05) only. Resistance training had no effect on the plasma adiponectin response to hyperinsulinemia. Despite no age or sex differences at baseline, skeletal muscle AdipoR1 increased in response to endurance training (120%, P < .001) and resistance training (38%, P < .05), regardless of age or sex.
The inhibitory action of hyperinsulinemia on plasma HMW adiponectin occurs in females but not males, irrespective of age. Twelve weeks of endurance training protects older females against the hyperinsulinemic inhibition of plasma HMW adiponectin, which could promote healthy ageing.
高分子量（HMW）脂联素亚型被认为是脂联素的活性形式，与胰岛素敏感性和降低患心血管疾病的风险有关。第一项研究的目的是确定年龄和性别对急性高胰岛素血症下血浆 HMW 脂联素反应的影响，其次是确定耐力或抗阻力训练是否会影响这种反应。
招募了 26 名健康男性（19-84 岁）和 26 名健康女性（18-76 岁），并根据 BMI 进行匹配，以检查性别和年龄对 2 小时高胰岛素-正常血糖钳夹试验中血浆脂联素反应的影响。为了研究运动训练的影响，将一部分年轻（<35 岁）和年长（>55 岁）个体随机分为 12 周的耐力或抗阻力训练计划，并在训练前后测量其对高胰岛素血症的脂联素反应。通过 ELISA 测量高分子量（HMW）和总脂联素。
对高胰岛素血症的反应，女性血浆 HMW 脂联素降低（-9%，P<.005），但男性没有。经过 12 周的耐力训练后，老年女性（36%，P<.05）对高胰岛素血症的 HMW 脂联素反应增加。抗阻力训练对高胰岛素血症下的血浆脂联素反应没有影响。尽管基线时没有年龄或性别差异，但骨骼肌 AdipoR1 对耐力训练（120%，P<.001）和抗阻力训练（38%，P<.05）均有反应，无论年龄或性别如何。
高胰岛素血症对女性而非男性的血浆 HMW 脂联素的抑制作用与年龄无关。12 周的耐力训练可以防止老年女性对高胰岛素血症下血浆 HMW 脂联素的抑制作用，这可能促进健康老龄化。
