CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
CAS Key Laboratory of Mechanical Behavior and Design of Materials, Department of Modern Mechanics, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, Anhui, China.
Biophys J. 2018 Feb 6;114(3):675-687. doi: 10.1016/j.bpj.2017.11.3785.
The mechanical and physical properties of substrate play a crucial role in regulating many cell functions and behaviors. However, how these properties affect cell volume is still unclear. Here, we show that an increase in substrate stiffness, available spread area, or effective adhesion energy density results in a remarkable cell volume decrease (up to 50%), and the dynamic cell spreading process is also accompanied by dramatic cell volume decrease. Further, studies of ion channel inhibition and osmotic shock suggest that these volume decreases are due to the efflux of water and ions. We also show that disrupting cortex contractility leads to bigger cell volume. Collectively, these results reveal the "mechanism of adhesion-induced compression of cells," i.e., stronger interaction between cell and substrate leads to higher actomyosin contractility, expels water and ions, and thus decreases cell volume.
基质的力学和物理特性在调节许多细胞功能和行为方面起着至关重要的作用。然而，这些特性如何影响细胞体积尚不清楚。在这里，我们表明，基质硬度、可用铺展面积或有效黏附能量密度的增加会导致细胞体积显著减小（高达 50%），并且细胞动态铺展过程也伴随着显著的细胞体积减小。此外，对离子通道抑制和渗透压冲击的研究表明，这些体积减小是由于水和离子的外流。我们还表明，破坏皮质收缩性会导致更大的细胞体积。总的来说，这些结果揭示了“黏附诱导的细胞压缩机制”，即细胞与基质之间更强的相互作用会导致更高的肌动球蛋白收缩性，挤出水和离子，从而减小细胞体积。
