You Xinxin, Sun Min, Li Jia, Bian Chao, Chen Jieming, Yi Yunhai, Yu Hui, Shi Qiong
Shenzhen Key Lab of Marine Genomics, Guangdong Provincial Key Lab of Molecular Breeding in Marine Economic Animals, BGI Academy of Marine Sciences, BGI Marine, BGI, Shenzhen 518083, China.
BGI Education Center, University of Chinese Academy of Sciences, Shenzhen 518063, China.
Animals (Basel). 2018 Feb 7;8(2):24. doi: 10.3390/ani8020024.
Mudskippers are the largest group of amphibious teleost fish that are uniquely adapted to live on mudflats. During their successful transition from aqueous life to terrestrial living, these fish have evolved morphological and physiological modifications of aerial vision and olfaction, higher ammonia tolerance, aerial respiration, improved immunological defense against terrestrial pathogens, and terrestrial locomotion using protruded pectoral fins. Comparative genomic and transcriptomic data have been accumulated and analyzed for understanding molecular mechanisms of the terrestrial adaptations. Our current review provides a general introduction to mudskippers and recent research advances of their genetic adaptations to the amphibious lifestyle, which will be helpful for understanding the evolutionary transition of vertebrates from water to land. Our insights into the genomes and transcriptomes will also support molecular breeding, functional identification, and natural compound screening.
弹涂鱼是最大的一类两栖硬骨鱼，它们特别适应在泥滩上生活。在从水生生活成功过渡到陆地生活的过程中，这些鱼在视觉、嗅觉、对氨的耐受性、空气呼吸、针对陆地病原体的免疫防御以及利用突出的胸鳍进行陆地运动等方面，都进化出了形态和生理上的改变。为了理解陆地适应的分子机制，已经积累并分析了比较基因组和转录组数据。我们当前的综述对弹涂鱼及其对两栖生活方式的遗传适应的最新研究进展进行了概述，这将有助于理解脊椎动物从水到陆地的进化转变。我们对基因组和转录组的深入了解也将为分子育种、功能鉴定和天然化合物筛选提供支持。
