Villhauer Alissa L, Lynch David J, Warren John J, Dawson Deborah V, Blanchette Derek R, Drake David R
Iowa Institute for Oral Health Research University of Iowa, College of Dentistry Iowa USA.
Preventive and Community Dentistry University of Iowa, College of Dentistry Iowa USA.
Clin Exp Dent Res. 2017 Dec 22;3(6):235-243. doi: 10.1002/cre2.94. eCollection 2017 Dec.
Early childhood caries is a complex health care issue that has a multifactorial etiology. One aspect of this etiology is the colonization and propagation of acidogenic bacteria at an early age. There have been several bacterial species associated with caries but 1 common species is Streptococcus mutans. Here, we describe genotypic diversity and commonality of Streptococcus mutans recovered from children representing 2 groups with similar socioeconomic demographics: a Northern Plains American Indian Tribe and a Southeast Iowa population. Forty 36-month-old American Indian children were selected from a cohort of 239 mothers and children, and forty 2- to 5-year-old children from Southeast Iowa were selected to compare the genotypic profiles of Streptococcus mutans recovered from each child's plaque. S. mutans isolates were selected from whole mouth plaque samples; DNA was extracted and amplified via AP-PCR to show specific genotype patterns. These patterns were compared with GelComparIIv6.5 gel analysis software. We found 18 distinct genotypes from 524 isolates; 13 of which were common between the 2 communities. Five genotypes were unique to only the American Indian children while the Southeast Iowa children harbored no unique genotypes. Although the American Indian children had some genotypes that were not present in the Southeast Iowa children, these were not widely distributed among the community. Furthermore, the levels of genotypic diversity and commonality were similar between the 2 populations. This study sets the groundwork for a comprehensive comparison of genotypes and caries among larger subsections of both populations.
幼儿龋齿是一个复杂的医疗保健问题，其病因是多因素的。病因的一个方面是产酸细菌在幼年时的定植和繁殖。有几种细菌与龋齿有关，但一种常见的细菌是变形链球菌。在这里，我们描述了从具有相似社会经济人口统计学特征的两组儿童中分离出的变形链球菌的基因型多样性和共性：一个是美国北部平原印第安部落，另一个是爱荷华州东南部的人群。从239名母亲和儿童的队列中挑选出40名36个月大的美国印第安儿童，从爱荷华州东南部挑选出40名2至5岁的儿童，以比较从每个儿童牙菌斑中分离出的变形链球菌的基因型谱。从全口牙菌斑样本中挑选变形链球菌分离株；提取DNA并通过AP-PCR进行扩增，以显示特定的基因型模式。这些模式通过GelComparIIv6.5凝胶分析软件进行比较。我们从524个分离株中发现了18种不同的基因型；其中13种在两个群体中是常见的。5种基因型仅在美国印第安儿童中出现，而爱荷华州东南部的儿童没有独特的基因型。尽管美国印第安儿童有一些爱荷华州东南部儿童中不存在的基因型，但这些基因型在该群体中分布并不广泛。此外，两个群体之间的基因型多样性和共性水平相似。这项研究为在这两个人群的更大子群体中全面比较基因型和龋齿奠定了基础。
