Sci Prog. 2018 Mar 1;101(1):32-51. doi: 10.3184/003685018X15166188312386. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
Evolution lies at the heart of the life sciences, and Charles Darwin is a towering historical figure within evolutionary science. One testimony to his lasting influence is that declaring Darwin to have been wrong all along remains a provocative way to command attention. The present paper discusses various strands of 'Darwin was wrong' partisans and their divergent views and motives: some are looking to Darwin to justify or condemn the political ideologies that they support or reject; others are concerned with the corrupting influence that the bleak cosmic outlook of evolution is deemed to exert on the moral or religious rectitude of impressionable minds, or regard Darwinism as a direct assault on religion; philosophers question the very coherence of the entire enterprise; and certain biologists aspire to go down in history as even greater than Darwin. It is sobering to reflect that this diverse group is united only by their poor grasp of Darwin's theory of natural selection.
进化是生命科学的核心,而查尔斯·达尔文是进化科学领域的一位杰出历史人物。他的持久影响力的一个证明是,一直以来,宣称达尔文是错误的,仍然是一种引起关注的挑衅方式。本文讨论了“达尔文是错误的”派别的各种观点及其不同观点和动机:一些人希望从达尔文那里为他们支持或反对的政治意识形态找到依据或谴责;另一些人则关注进化的暗淡宇宙观对易受影响的思想的道德或宗教正直所产生的腐蚀影响,或者将达尔文主义视为对宗教的直接攻击;哲学家们质疑整个事业的连贯性;某些生物学家渴望成为比达尔文更伟大的历史人物。令人清醒的是,这个多元化的群体唯一的共同点是他们对达尔文自然选择理论的理解很差。