Kid Risk, Inc., 10524 Moss Park Rd., Ste. 204-364, Orlando, FL 32832, United States; University of Central Florida, College of Medicine, Orlando, FL 32827, United States.
Sabin Vaccine Institute, 2175 K Street, NW, Suite 400, Washington, DC 20037, United States.
Vaccine. 2018 Mar 7;36(11):1330-1344. doi: 10.1016/j.vaccine.2018.01.068.
Thirty years after passage of legislation that created the National Vaccine Advisory Committee (NVAC) "to achieve optimal prevention of human infectious diseases through immunization and to achieve optimal prevention against adverse reactions to vaccines," this review reflects NVAC's role and impact on the U.S. vaccine and immunization enterprise as an external advisor to the Department of Health and Human Services. We reviewed the history of NVAC in the context of the principles of its establishment, with a focus on its reports and recommendations. We performed a systematic literature review to identify NVAC reports published in widely-accessible public health journals, and we reviewed the available archives to identify other reports and resolutions approved by the committee not published in journals. We characterized key issues considered by NVAC according to the five goals of the 2010 National Vaccine Plan. The predominance of NVAC activities to date related to the implementation of immunization across the lifespan and the many aspects of the system needed to foster the goal of full immunization. Reflecting on the impacts of NVAC to date, this review identified 30 NVAC approved reports published in journals, 22 stand-alone resolutions, and 26 unique unpublished reports. The development of new and improved vaccines continues to represent a significant priority for NVAC, and we identified several challenges related to future vaccine innovation. Given the many factors that impact on policy changes in the vaccine and immunization enterprise, we encountered challenges associated with demonstrating attribution of specific policy changes to NVAC recommendations. Although difficult to quantify, this review suggests that NVAC played an important role in the improvements in the U.S. immunization enterprise over the past 30 years and that NVAC can and will continue to play an important role supporting U.S. immunization going forward.
三十年前，美国通过了立法，成立了国家疫苗咨询委员会（NVAC），“通过免疫接种实现人类传染病的最佳预防，并实现对疫苗不良反应的最佳预防”。本综述反映了 NVAC 作为美国卫生与公众服务部的外部顾问，在疫苗和免疫接种领域的作用和影响。我们在委员会成立原则的背景下回顾了 NVAC 的历史，重点关注其报告和建议。我们进行了系统的文献综述，以确定发表在广泛获取的公共卫生期刊上的 NVAC 报告，并查阅了可用的档案，以确定委员会批准的其他未在期刊上发表的报告和决议。我们根据 2010 年国家疫苗计划的五个目标，对 NVAC 审议的关键问题进行了分类。迄今为止，NVAC 活动的主要重点是在整个生命周期内实施免疫接种以及促进全面免疫接种目标所需的系统的许多方面。在回顾 NVAC 迄今为止的影响时，本综述确定了 30 份在期刊上发表的 NVAC 批准报告、22 份独立决议和 26 份独特的未发表报告。开发新的和改进的疫苗仍然是 NVAC 的一个重要优先事项，我们确定了与未来疫苗创新相关的几个挑战。鉴于影响疫苗和免疫接种领域政策变化的诸多因素，我们遇到了与证明特定政策变化归因于 NVAC 建议相关的挑战。尽管难以量化，但本综述表明，NVAC 在过去 30 年来美国免疫接种领域的改进中发挥了重要作用，并且 NVAC 可以并且将继续在支持美国免疫接种方面发挥重要作用。
