Azadmarzabadi Esfandiar, Haghighatfard Arvin, Mohammadi Alireza
Behavioral Sciences Research Center, Baqiyatallah University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
Department of Biology, North Tehran Branch, Islamic Azad University, Tehran, Iran.
Psychogeriatrics. 2018 May;18(3):190-201. doi: 10.1111/psyg.12312. Epub 2018 Feb 8.
In stressful situations, a person's ability to appropriately complete tasks with minimal anxiety is known as stress resilience. Genetic variants in neuropeptide Y, Corticotropin releasing hormone receptor 1 (CRHR1), and serotonin transporter have been previously reported to be associated with low resilience, but the relationship between low resilience and the dopaminergic signalling pathway is not well understood. Here, we aimed to describe the association between comprehensive psychological characteristics and messenger RNA levels of dopamine receptor D1 (DRD1), dopamine receptor D2 (DRD2), dopamine receptor D3 (DRD3), dopamine receptor D4 (DRD4), dopamine receptor D5 (DRD5), COMT, Dopamine Beta-Hydroxylase (DBH), Tyrosine hydroxylase (TH), monoamine oxidase A (MAOM), dopa decarboxylase (DDC), dopamine transporter (DAT), serotonin transporter (5-HTT), brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF) and glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF) genes based on peripheral blood samples from 400 subjects who react differently to major life event stressors. The blood samples were analyzed by quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction.
Four hundred Iranian individuals (age range: 17-42 years) were selected from 18 of Iran's 31 provinces. They were divided into four groups: (i) group A, persons with normal reactions to major life-event stressors; (ii) group B, persons with acute stress reactions to major life-event stressors; (iii) group C, persons with normal reactions to crises/catastrophes; and (iv) group D, persons with acute stress reactions to crises/catastrophes. Individuals were divided into groups by a senior psychiatrist based on an unstructured interview, the 21-item Depression Anxiety Stress Scale, and Connor-Davidson Resilience Scale.
We found that the upregulation of DRD1, DRD2, DRD3, DRD4, DBH, DAT, and BDNF and the downregulation of serotonin transporter, monoamine oxidase A, and COMT are associated with stress resilience, which is modulated by dopaminergic and serotonergic pathways.
Gene expression variations were not only correlated with stress resilience, but they were also associated with other psychological parameters including personality, depression, anxiety, and intelligence.
在压力情境下，一个人以最小焦虑适当完成任务的能力被称为应激适应力。先前有报道称神经肽Y、促肾上腺皮质激素释放激素受体1（CRHR1）和5-羟色胺转运体的基因变异与低应激适应力有关，但低应激适应力与多巴胺能信号通路之间的关系尚不清楚。在此，我们旨在描述基于400名对重大生活事件应激源反应不同的受试者外周血样本，综合心理特征与多巴胺受体D1（DRD1）、多巴胺受体D2（DRD2）、多巴胺受体D3（DRD3）、多巴胺受体D4（DRD4）、多巴胺受体D5（DRD5）、儿茶酚-O-甲基转移酶（COMT）、多巴胺β-羟化酶（DBH）、酪氨酸羟化酶（TH）、单胺氧化酶A（MAO-A）、多巴脱羧酶（DDC）、多巴胺转运体（DAT）、5-羟色胺转运体（5-HTT）、脑源性神经营养因子（BDNF）和胶质细胞系源性神经营养因子（GDNF）基因的信使核糖核酸水平之间的关联。通过定量实时聚合酶链反应对血样进行分析。
从伊朗31个省中的18个省选取400名伊朗人（年龄范围：17 - 42岁）。他们被分为四组：（i）A组，对重大生活事件应激源有正常反应的人；（ii）B组，对重大生活事件应激源有急性应激反应的人；（iii）C组，对危机/灾难有正常反应的人；（iv）D组，对危机/灾难有急性应激反应的人。由一名资深精神科医生根据非结构化访谈、21项抑郁焦虑压力量表和康纳 - 戴维森应激适应力量表将个体分组。
我们发现DRD1、DRD2、DRD3、DRD4、DBH、DAT和BDNF的上调以及5-羟色胺转运体、单胺氧化酶A和COMT的下调与应激适应力相关，这是由多巴胺能和5-羟色胺能通路调节的。
基因表达变化不仅与应激适应力相关，还与包括人格、抑郁、焦虑和智力在内的其他心理参数有关。
