Gonzalez-Nahm Sarah, Grossman Elyse R, Frost Natasha, Babcock Carly, Benjamin-Neelon Sara E
Department of Health, Behavior and Society, Johns Hopkins Bloomberg School of Public Health, 624 N Broadway, Baltimore, MD, 21205, USA.
Public Health Law Center, Mitchell Hamline School of Law, St Paul, MN, 55105, USA.
Matern Child Health J. 2018 Apr;22(4):445-453. doi: 10.1007/s10995-018-2487-0.
Introduction Excessive screen media use has been associated with a number of negative health outcomes in young children, including increased risk for obesity and comparatively lagging cognitive development. The purpose of this study was to assess state licensing regulations restricting screen media use for children under 24 months old in early care and education (ECE) and to compare regulations to a national standard. Methods We reviewed screen media use regulations for all US states for child care centers ("centers") and family child care homes ("homes") and compared these regulations to a national standard discouraging screen media use in children under 24 months of age. We assessed associations between state geographic region and year of last update with the presence of regulations consistent with the standard. In centers, 24 states had regulations limiting screen media use for children under 24 months of age and 19 states had regulations limiting screen media use in homes. Results More states in the South and fewer states in the Midwest had regulations limiting screen media use. The association between geographic region and regulations was not significant for centers (p = 0.06), but was for homes (p = 0.04). The year of last update (within the past 5 years versus older than 5 years) was not associated with regulations for centers (p = 0.18) or homes (p = 0.90). Discussion Many states lacked screen media use regulations for ECE. States should consider adding screen media use restrictions for children under 24 months based on current research data and current recommendations in future regulations updates.
引言
过度使用屏幕媒体与幼儿的一系列负面健康结果相关,包括肥胖风险增加和认知发展相对滞后。本研究的目的是评估早期护理和教育(ECE)中限制24个月以下儿童使用屏幕媒体的州许可规定,并将这些规定与国家标准进行比较。
方法
我们审查了美国所有州针对儿童保育中心(“中心”)和家庭儿童保育院(“家庭”)的屏幕媒体使用规定,并将这些规定与一项不鼓励24个月以下儿童使用屏幕媒体的国家标准进行比较。我们评估了州地理区域和上次更新年份与符合该标准的规定之间的关联。在中心方面,24个州有规定限制24个月以下儿童使用屏幕媒体,19个州有规定限制家庭中儿童使用屏幕媒体。
结果
南方有更多州、中西部有更少州制定了限制屏幕媒体使用的规定。地理区域与规定之间的关联在中心方面不显著(p = 0.06),但在家庭方面显著(p = 0.04)。上次更新年份(过去5年内与超过5年)与中心(p = 0.18)或家庭(p = 0.90)的规定无关。
讨论
许多州缺乏针对早期护理和教育的屏幕媒体使用规定。各州应根据当前研究数据和未来法规更新中的当前建议,考虑增加对24个月以下儿童使用屏幕媒体的限制。