Guilhou J J, Meynadier J, Basset N
Presse Med. 1986 May 24;15(21):971-4.
Retinoids are natural and synthetic analogues of vitamin A. They have a marked influence on the differentiation of epithelial tissues by modifying membrane glycoconjugates and by acting through cytosolic and nuclear mechanisms like steroid hormones. Their clinical and biological toxic effects are numerous, but they are usually benign and reversible. However the possibility of teratogenic effects requires close monitoring of female patients. Etretinate is particularly effective in disorders of keratinisation (psoriasis, ichthyosis) whereas isotretinoin is the best known therapy of severe acne. Moreover the possible role of retinoids in the prevention and treatment of certain cancers gives hopeful prospects.
维甲酸是维生素A的天然和合成类似物。它们通过修饰膜糖缀合物以及像甾体激素一样通过胞质和核机制发挥作用，对上皮组织的分化有显著影响。它们的临床和生物学毒性作用众多，但通常是良性且可逆的。然而，致畸作用的可能性要求对女性患者进行密切监测。依曲替酯对角化异常疾病（银屑病、鱼鳞病）特别有效，而异维甲酸是重度痤疮最知名的治疗方法。此外，维甲酸在某些癌症的预防和治疗中可能发挥的作用带来了充满希望的前景。
