Division of Pulmonary and Critical Care Medicine, National Jewish Health, 1400 Jackson Street, Denver, CO 80206, USA.
Division of Pulmonary, Critical Care, and Sleep Medicine, Medical College of Wisconsin, 9200 W Wisconsin Avenue, Suite 5200, Milwaukee, WI 53226, USA.
Clin Chest Med. 2018 Mar;39(1):223-228. doi: 10.1016/j.ccm.2017.11.015.
Tracheobronchomalacia (TBM) and excessive dynamic airway collapse (EDAC) are more frequently being recognized as the etiology of multiple types of respiratory complaints from chronic cough to exertional syncope to recurrent infections. Identification of these conditions requires a high suspicion, as well as a thorough history and physical examination. Dynamic computed tomography imaging and bronchoscopic evaluation are integral in achieving an accurate diagnosis. Once recognized, treatment ranges from addressing underlying contributing conditions to surgical stabilization of the airway. Referral to an institution familiar with the evaluation and treatment of TBM/EDAC is essential for the appropriate management of these conditions.
气管支气管软化症（TBM）和过度动态气道塌陷（EDAC）越来越被认为是多种呼吸系统疾病的病因，从慢性咳嗽到运动性晕厥再到反复感染。这些疾病的诊断需要高度怀疑，以及详细的病史和体格检查。动态计算机断层扫描成像和支气管镜检查对于准确诊断至关重要。一旦确诊，治疗范围从治疗潜在的致病因素到气道的手术稳定。对于这些疾病的适当管理，向熟悉 TBM/EDAC 评估和治疗的机构转介是必不可少的。
