Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania; Penn Injury Science Center, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
Center for Injury Research and Prevention, Children's Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
J Adolesc Health. 2018 May;62(5):612-617. doi: 10.1016/j.jadohealth.2017.11.292. Epub 2018 Feb 9.
In May 2010, New Jersey implemented the first-in-the-nation decal provision to increase intermediate drivers' compliance with Graduated Driver Licensing restrictions and ultimately reduce young driver crashes. We previously found that the provision was associated with a 9.5% decline in crash rates. This study evaluates whether the decal provision was associated with an increase in compliance with passenger and nighttime restrictions.
We analyzed New Jersey driver licensing and crash data from 2008 through 2012. We used the quasi-induced exposure method to estimate prevalence of noncompliance among 20,593 nonresponsible 17- to 20-year-old intermediate drivers involved in crashes. Multivariate log-binomial regression models compared the monthly prevalence of noncompliance with restrictions pre and post implementation, adjusted for age, sex, season, and area income and population density. Analyses were conducted in 2016-2017.
Overall estimated noncompliance with the nighttime restriction was 1.75% before and 1.71% after the decal provision (p = .83). Noncompliance with the passenger restriction was 8.68% before and 8.31% after (p = .35). Introduction of the decal provision was not associated with a change in noncompliance rates.
Compliance rates among New Jersey intermediate drivers were high both before and after the decal provision. Findings do not suggest that the decline in crash rates following implementation was because of increased compliance with nighttime or passenger driving restrictions. Additional research is needed to understand mechanisms by which decal provisions may reduce young driver crashes.
2010 年 5 月，新泽西州实施了全美首个贴纸规定，以提高中级驾驶员对驾驶员分级许可限制的遵守程度，最终减少年轻驾驶员的车祸事故。我们之前发现，该规定与车祸率下降 9.5%有关。本研究评估了该规定是否与乘客和夜间限制的遵守率增加有关。
我们分析了 2008 年至 2012 年新泽西州的驾驶执照和车祸数据。我们使用准诱导暴露法来估计 20593 名非责任的 17 至 20 岁中级驾驶员在车祸中的违规率。多变量对数二项式回归模型比较了实施前后限制的每月违规率，调整了年龄、性别、季节以及地区收入和人口密度。分析于 2016-2017 年进行。
总体而言，在贴纸规定实施前后，夜间限制的估计违规率分别为 1.75%和 1.71%（p=0.83）。违反乘客限制的比例分别为 8.68%和 8.31%（p=0.35）。贴纸规定的引入与违规率的变化无关。
在贴纸规定实施前后，新泽西州中级驾驶员的合规率都很高。研究结果表明，实施后车祸率的下降并非由于夜间或乘客驾驶限制的合规率提高所致。需要进一步研究，以了解贴纸规定可能减少年轻驾驶员车祸的机制。
