Andersen Lars Peter, Hogh Annie, Biering Karin, Gadegaard Charlotte Ann
Danish Ramazzini Centre, Department of Occupational Medicine-University Research Clinic, Regional Hospital West Jutland, Herning, Denmark.
Department of Psychology, Copenhagen University, Copenhagen, Denmark.
Work. 2018;59(1):141-154. doi: 10.3233/WOR-172654.
Threats and violence at work are major concerns for employees in many human service sectors. The prevention of work-related violence is a major challenge for employees and management.
The purpose of this study was to identify prospective associations between psycho-social work environment and work-related threats and violence in four high risk human service sectors.
Questionnaire data was collected from 3011 employees working at psychiatric wards, in the elder sector, in the Prison and Probation Service and at Special Schools. Associations between psycho-social work environment and work-related violence and threats were then studied using a one-year follow-up design and multilevel logistic regression analyses.
The analyses showed that quantitative demands, high emotional demands, low level of influence over own work-situation, low predictability, low rewards at work, low role clarity, many role conflicts, many work-family conflicts and low organizational justice had statistically significant associations with high levels of work-related threats. Furthermore, high emotional demands, low predictability, low role clarity, many role conflicts, many work-family conflicts, low supervisor quality and low support from nearest supervisor had statistically significant associations with high levels of work-related violence. Finally, across the four sectors both similar and different associations between psycho-social work environment and work-related violence and threats were found.
The results of the study underline the importance of including the psycho-social work environment as a supplement to existing violence prevention methods and interventions aimed at reducing work-related violence and threats.
工作中的威胁和暴力是许多公共服务部门员工主要关心的问题。预防与工作相关的暴力对员工和管理层来说都是一项重大挑战。
本研究旨在确定四个高风险公共服务部门中社会心理工作环境与工作相关威胁和暴力之间的前瞻性关联。
收集了来自精神病病房、老年护理部门、监狱及缓刑服务机构和特殊学校的3011名员工的问卷调查数据。然后采用一年随访设计和多水平逻辑回归分析，研究社会心理工作环境与工作相关暴力和威胁之间的关联。
分析表明，工作量要求、高情感需求、对自身工作状况的低影响力、低可预测性、低工作回报、低角色清晰度、众多角色冲突、众多工作-家庭冲突以及低组织公平性与高水平的工作相关威胁存在统计学显著关联。此外，高情感需求、低可预测性、低角色清晰度、众多角色冲突、众多工作-家庭冲突、低主管素质以及直属主管的低支持与高水平的工作相关暴力存在统计学显著关联。最后，在这四个部门中，发现了社会心理工作环境与工作相关暴力和威胁之间既有相似又有不同的关联。
研究结果强调了将社会心理工作环境纳入现有暴力预防方法和干预措施的重要性，这些措施旨在减少与工作相关的暴力和威胁。
