Teshima Rie, Hanada Katsuhiro, Akada Junko, Kawano Kenji, Yamaoka Yoshio
Department of Environmental and Preventive Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
Department of Oral and Maxillo-Facial Surgery, Faculty of Medicine, Oita University, Oita, Japan.
Genes Cells. 2018 Apr;23(4):264-273. doi: 10.1111/gtc.12570. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
Periodontal disease, an inflammatory disease, is caused by infection with periodontal pathogens. Long-term periodontal disease increases the risk of oral carcinogenesis. Similar to other peptic cancers, oral carcinogenesis also requires multiple genome instabilities; however, the risk factors related to the accumulation of genome instabilities are poorly understood. Here, we suggested that specific periodontal pathogens may increase the risk of genome instability. Accordingly, we screened several periodontal pathogens based on the ability to induce DNA double-strand breaks (DSBs) in host cells. We found that Aggregatibacter actinomycetemcomitans Y4 infection induced DSB formation in host cells. To assess whether DSB formation induced by infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans occurred through apoptotic chromosome fragmentation, cells were treated with a caspase inhibitor, Z-VAD-FMK. DSB accumulation induced by infection with A. actinomycetemcomitans was observed, even in the presence of Z-VAD-FMK, suggesting that this breakage occurred independently of apoptosis. These results suggested that some periodontal pathogens can increase the risk of genome instabilities in host cells and subsequently increase the risk of carcinogenesis.
