National Drug & Alcohol Research Centre, University of New South Wales, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Justice Health and Forensic Mental Health Network, NSW Health, Sydney, NSW, Australia.
Suicide Life Threat Behav. 2019 Feb;49(1):328-337. doi: 10.1111/sltb.12442. Epub 2018 Feb 14.
All Australian cases of methamphetamine-related suicide (2009-2015) retrieved from the National Coronial Information System were examined to determine crude mortality rates, characteristics and circumstances of death, and blood toxicology. There were 300 cases, 18.2% of all methamphetamine-related deaths, and 1.6% of all completed suicides. The mean age was 33.1 years, and 77.0% were male. The crude mortality rate was 1.9 per 10 , with males having a significantly higher rate than females (2.9 vs. 0.9 per 10 ). A quarter were known to have previous suicide attempts, and a history of psychosis was noted in 12.3%. In 40.7% of cases, witnesses described the decedent as having been agitated and/or aggressive immediately prior to the incident. The vast majority (85.3%), and of both sexes (males 87.0%, females 79.7%), used violent methods. Hanging (70.3%) was overwhelmingly the most frequent method among both males (70.1%) and females (71.0%). Prescription medications were frequently present: hypnosedatives (23.6%), antidepressants (19.5%), and antipsychotics (8.4%). Self-poisoning cases were significantly more likely to have antidepressants (odds ratio: 4.2) and opioids (4.9) present, but less likely to have cannabis (0.3). Methamphetamine-related suicide makes a large contribution to methamphetamine-related death and represents a substantial clinical and public health problem.
对 2009 年至 2015 年从国家尸检信息系统中检索到的与甲基苯丙胺相关的自杀事件进行分析，以确定粗死亡率、死亡特征和情况以及血液毒物学。共 300 例，占所有与甲基苯丙胺相关死亡人数的 18.2%，占所有自杀死亡人数的 1.6%。平均年龄为 33.1 岁，其中 77.0%为男性。粗死亡率为 1.9/10 万，男性死亡率明显高于女性（2.9/10 万比 0.9/10 万）。有四分之一的人以前有过自杀企图，12.3%的人有精神病病史。在 40.7%的案例中，目击者描述死者在事件发生前曾表现出激动和/或攻击性。绝大多数（85.3%），且无论男女（男性 87.0%，女性 79.7%），都使用了暴力手段。自杀者绝大多数（70.1%的男性和 71.0%的女性）都选择了上吊自杀，这是最常见的自杀方式。经常发现处方药物：催眠镇静剂（23.6%）、抗抑郁药（19.5%）和抗精神病药（8.4%）。与甲基苯丙胺相关的自杀自杀案例中，抗抑郁药（比值比：4.2）和阿片类药物（4.9）的存在明显更为常见，但大麻（0.3）的存在则较少。与甲基苯丙胺相关的自杀对与甲基苯丙胺相关的死亡有很大的贡献，代表了一个重大的临床和公共卫生问题。
