Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Molecular Neuropsychiatry Research Branch, NIDA Intramural Research Program, Baltimore, MD, United States.
Adv Pharmacol. 2024;99:145-168. doi: 10.1016/bs.apha.2023.08.002. Epub 2024 Feb 9.
Methamphetamine (METH) is the most commonly misused amphetamine-type stimulant throughout the globe. METH is very rewarding, and its misuse can lead to a diagnosis of METH use disorder (MUD). Although METH use is observed in both sexes, there are, however, reported differences in the clinical manifestations of METH use and its consequences. These observations indicate the need for more research on the long-term sex-dependent consequences of METH taking in both preclinical and clinical settings. In effect, sex is a biological variable that can impact conclusions drawn from various basic and clinical studies. Thus, the present chapter provides a succinct review of the current state of the research on METH and its sex-associated consequences. In addition to behavioral and cognitive aspects of METH use, we discuss METH-induced changes in neurotransmitter systems and structures in the brain. Thus, the book chapter serves to highlight the significance of sex as a critical element that needs to be considered during discussions of novel therapeutic approaches to MUD.
甲基苯丙胺（METH）是全球范围内最常被滥用的苯丙胺类兴奋剂。METH 非常令人愉悦，其滥用可能导致甲基苯丙胺使用障碍（MUD）的诊断。尽管男女都有 METH 使用，但在 METH 使用及其后果的临床表现上存在差异。这些观察结果表明，需要在临床前和临床环境中进行更多关于长期依赖于性别的 METH 服用的后果的研究。实际上，性别是一个生物学变量，可能会影响从各种基础和临床研究中得出的结论。因此，本章简要回顾了关于 METH 及其与性别相关的后果的研究现状。除了 METH 使用的行为和认知方面，我们还讨论了 METH 引起的大脑神经递质系统和结构的变化。因此，本章旨在强调性别作为一个关键因素的重要性，在讨论治疗 MUD 的新方法时需要考虑这一因素。
