溶瘤病毒的新前沿：优化和筛选具有更高疗效的病毒株
New frontiers in oncolytic viruses: optimizing and selecting for virus strains with improved efficacy.
作者信息
Lundstrom Kenneth
机构信息
PanTherapeutics, Lutry, Switzerland.
出版信息
Biologics. 2018 Feb 9;12:43-60. doi: 10.2147/BTT.S140114. eCollection 2018.
Abstract
Oncolytic viruses have demonstrated selective replication and killing of tumor cells. Different types of oncolytic viruses - adenoviruses, alphaviruses, herpes simplex viruses, Newcastle disease viruses, rhabdoviruses, Coxsackie viruses, and vaccinia viruses - have been applied as either naturally occurring or engineered vectors. Numerous studies in animal-tumor models have demonstrated substantial tumor regression and prolonged survival rates. Moreover, clinical trials have confirmed good safety profiles and therapeutic efficacy for oncolytic viruses. Most encouragingly, the first cancer gene-therapy drug - Gendicine, based on oncolytic adenovirus type 5 - was approved in China. Likewise, a second-generation oncolytic herpes simplex virus-based drug for the treatment of melanoma has been registered in the US and Europe as talimogene laherparepvec.
摘要
溶瘤病毒已显示出对肿瘤细胞的选择性复制和杀伤作用。不同类型的溶瘤病毒——腺病毒、甲病毒、单纯疱疹病毒、新城疫病毒、弹状病毒、柯萨奇病毒和痘苗病毒——已被用作天然存在的或经过改造的载体。在动物肿瘤模型中的大量研究表明，肿瘤显著消退，生存率延长。此外，临床试验已证实溶瘤病毒具有良好的安全性和治疗效果。最令人鼓舞的是，首款癌症基因治疗药物——基于5型溶瘤腺病毒的“今又生”，在中国获得批准。同样，一种用于治疗黑色素瘤的第二代基于溶瘤单纯疱疹病毒的药物已在美国和欧洲注册为talimogene laherparepvec。
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