Forschungszentrum Jülich GmbH, Jülich Centre for Neutron Science (JCNS-1) and Institute for Complex Systems (ICS-1), 52425 Jülich, Germany.
J Chem Phys. 2018 Feb 14;148(6):064502. doi: 10.1063/1.5017218.
The highly viscous flow is due to thermally activated Eshelby transitions which transform a region of the undercooled liquid to a different structure with a different elastic misfit to the viscoelastic surroundings. A self-consistent determination of the viscosity in this picture explains why the average structural relaxation time is a factor of eight longer than the Maxwell time. The physical reason for the short Maxwell time is the very large contribution of strongly strained inherent states to the fluidity (the inverse viscosity). At the Maxwell time, the viscous no-return processes coexist with the back-and-forth jumping retardation processes.
高粘性流动是由于热激活的 Eshelby 转变，这种转变将过冷液体的一个区域转化为具有不同结构的区域，其弹性不匹配与粘弹性环境不同。在这种情况下，对粘度进行自洽确定解释了为什么平均结构弛豫时间比麦克斯韦时间长 8 倍。麦克斯韦时间很短的物理原因是强烈应变固有状态对流动性（逆粘度）的巨大贡献。在麦克斯韦时间，粘性不可逆过程与来回跳跃延迟过程共存。
