Department of Radiology, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
Interdepartmental Program in Neuroscience, University of Utah, Salt Lake City, UT, USA.
J Child Psychol Psychiatry. 2018 Aug;59(8):900-907. doi: 10.1111/jcpp.12875. Epub 2018 Feb 16.
Bipolar disorder (BP) is characterized by abnormal shifts in mood between episodes of mania and severe depression, both of which have been linked with psychomotor disturbances. This study compares brain activation patterns in motor networks between euthymic youths with BP and healthy controls (HC) during the completion of a simple motor task.
Thirty-five youths with BP and 35 HC (aged 10-19) completed a self-paced sequential bilateral finger-tapping task, consisting of a 4-minute scan block with alternating 20-second periods of either the tapping task (six blocks) or rest (six blocks), while undergoing functional magnetic resonance imaging. Clinical and behavioral symptoms were assessed using the Child Behavior Checklist (CBCL). A between-group whole-brain analysis compared activation pattern differences while controlling for effects of age and sex. Clusters meeting whole-brain false discovery rate (FDR) correction (qFDR < .05) were considered statistically significant. Post hoc analyses evaluating comorbid attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in the BP group were also conducted.
Significantly decreased activation was found in the anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) in youths with BP compared to HC. Furthermore, ACC activation was negatively correlated with CBCL mood dysregulation profile scores in the BP group. No significant differences in functional activation patterns were found between youths with BP and comorbid ADHD and those with only BP.
These findings suggest a potential common mechanism of impaired ACC modulation between emotion dysregulation and motor processing in youths with BP.
双相情感障碍（BP）的特征是躁狂和严重抑郁发作之间情绪的异常波动，这两者都与精神运动障碍有关。本研究比较了在完成简单运动任务期间，心境正常的 BP 青少年和健康对照组（HC）的运动网络中的大脑激活模式。
35 名 BP 青少年和 35 名 HC（年龄 10-19 岁）完成了自我调节的双侧手指敲击任务，包括 4 分钟的扫描块，交替进行 20 秒的敲击任务（6 个块）或休息（6 个块），同时进行功能磁共振成像。使用儿童行为检查表（CBCL）评估临床和行为症状。在控制年龄和性别影响的情况下，对全脑分析进行了组间比较，以比较激活模式的差异。满足全脑假发现率（FDR）校正（qFDR < 0.05）的簇被认为具有统计学意义。还对 BP 组中的共患注意缺陷多动障碍（ADHD）进行了事后分析。
与 HC 相比，BP 青少年的前扣带回皮层（ACC）的激活明显降低。此外，ACC 的激活与 BP 组的 CBCL 情绪失调评分呈负相关。在 BP 青少年与共患 ADHD 和仅 BP 之间，没有发现功能激活模式的显著差异。
这些发现表明，在 BP 青少年中，情绪失调和运动处理之间的 ACC 调节受损可能存在共同的机制。
